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佛教寫本學的文獻與研究總論

更能消幾番風雨 2023-01-14 12:49:33 新加坡

本文发表在华中师范大学人文社会科学高等研究院主办《中外论坛》2022年第3期，第3-49页。引用请据原刊。

佛教寫本學的文獻與研究總論

陳金華、紀贇

摘要：佛教寫本文獻對於佛教研究具有基礎性的重要意義，此文即通過以地域為劃分的世界各地的佛教寫本收藏與研究情況作較為粗略的介紹。這其中主要包括印度次大陸、中亞、東南亞地區所發現的非漢語佛教寫本與漢語佛教寫本兩大類。前者又分別介紹了南亞地區尼泊爾的梵語佛教寫本、斯里蘭卡的巴利與梵語佛教寫本、東南亞各國的巴利語與當地語言的佛教寫本、南亞北部的吉爾吉特佛教寫本、中亞的犍陀羅語寫本、中亞與中國境內的梵語佛教寫本、中亞的胡語佛教寫本、中亞的藏語與蒙古語佛教寫本等。後者則主要包括中國境內的敦煌與吐魯番佛教寫本以及日本境內的寺院收藏寫經等。通過對過去這些寫本收藏與研究情況的介紹，就可以為今後此一重要領域的研究提供若干基礎。

關鍵詞：佛教寫本、梵語、巴利語、犍陀羅語、藏語、蒙古語、漢語

A General Introduction to the Literature and Research on Buddhist Manuscripts

Jinhua CHEN, Yun JI

Abstract: Buddhist manuscripts are of fundamental significance to the study of Buddhism, and this article provides a brief introduction to the collection and study of Buddhist manuscripts around the world, divided by geographical locations. It mainly includes two major categories of non-Chinese Buddhist manuscripts found in the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia, and Chinese Buddhist manuscripts. The former includes Sanskrit Buddhist manuscripts from Nepal in South Asia, Pāli and Sanskrit Buddhist manuscripts from Sri Lanka, Buddhist manuscripts written in Pāli and local languages from various countries in Southeast Asia, Gilgit Sanskrit Buddhist manuscripts from northern South Asia, Gandhari Buddhist manuscripts from Central Asia, Sanskrit Buddhist manuscripts from Central Asia and China, Buddhist manuscripts from Central Asia writing in local languages, and Tibetan and Mongolian Buddhist manuscripts from Central Asia. The latter mainly includes Dunhuang and Turpan Buddhist manuscripts in China and ancient Chinese Buddhist manuscripts from monastery collections in Japan. An introduction to these past collections and studies may shed some light on future research in this critical field.

Key words: Buddhist manuscripts, Sanskrit, Pāli, Gandhari, Tibetan, Mongolian, Chinese

1. 緒論... 1

2. 印度次大陸、中亞、東南亞與中國的非漢語佛教寫本... 5

2.1. 南亞尼泊爾梵語佛教寫本... 8

2.2. 斯里蘭卡的佛教寫本文獻... 10

2.3. 東南亞地區的佛教寫本... 12

2.3.1. 泰國佛教寫本... 13

2.3.2.老撾 (寮國) 佛教寫本... 15

2.3.3.緬甸佛教寫本... 16

2.3.4. 柬埔寨佛教寫本... 18

2.4. 南亞北部吉爾吉特梵語佛教寫本... 19

2.5. 中亞的犍陀羅語佛教寫本... 23