请问什么是男性凝视、客体、厌女？
来自: 九拍(致虚极守静笃)
1. 男性凝视
In feminist theory, the male gaze is the act of depicting women and the world, in the visual arts[1] and in literature,[2] from a masculine, heterosexual perspective that presents and represents women as sexual objects for the pleasure of the heterosexual male viewer.[3] In the visual and aesthetic presentations of narrative cinema, the male gaze has three perspectives: (i) that of the man behind the camera, (ii) that of the male characters within the film's cinematic representations; and (iii) that of the spectator gazing at the image.[4][5] The concept was first used by the English art critic John Berger in Ways of Seeing, a series of films for the BBC aired in January 1972, and later a book, as part of his analysis of the treatment of the nude in European painting. It soon became popular among feminists, including the British film critic Laura Mulvey, who used it to critique traditional media representations of the female character in cinema,[6] and coined the phrase.[7] The psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan are foundational in Mulvey’s development of a male gaze theory, as they provide a lens through which Mulvey was able to interpret the "primordial wish for pleasurable looking" satisfied through the cinematic experience.[8]:807 As a way of seeing women and the world, psychoanalytic theorizations of the male gaze involve Freudian and Lacanian concepts such as scopophilia, or the pleasure of looking. The terms scopophilia and scoptophilia identify both the aesthetic pleasures and the sexual pleasures derived from looking at someone or something. ---
wikipedia 上的介绍，看上去...挺正常的啊。男性作者限于性别，对女性的描绘有偏差，正如女性作者的作品里的男性也经常奇奇怪怪的。为何“男性凝视”似乎总是被当作一个含贬义的词来用？
而且以佛洛伊德为理论基础...佛洛伊德不早就被现代心理学几近抛弃了吗？
2. 客体
In social philosophy, objectification is the act of treating a person, or sometimes an animal,[1] as an object or a thing. It is part of dehumanization, the act of disavowing the humanity of others. Sexual objectification, the act of treating a person as a mere object of sexual desire, is a subset of objectification, as is self-objectification, the objectification of one's self.
所以客体跟物化是一个词的不同翻译吗？
3. 厌女
看了一点 厌女 - 图书
目前的感受是，世间万事万物都可以是厌女...那这个词不会太宽泛了吗？
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经常在豆瓣上看大家辩论，但又看不懂这些术语。希望有了解的人能帮忙解释下，如果有feminist FAQ 之类的最好了，thank you in advance
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2021/04/12 更新
感谢大家的解惑，我现在对这几个词的了解清楚了一些。另外，删掉了我觉得无建设性的回复，方便与我有同样疑惑的人读贴（可能过后会总结一下单独发文），对相关发帖者说声抱歉
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