SC-PREP 9

By pressing a tiny amount of nitrogen between two diamonds to a pressure of 25 million pounds per square inch, scientists not only were able to transform the gas into a solid, but they also created a semiconductor similar to silicon.

• Anot only were able to transform the gas into a solid, but they also created 分析该选项
• Bnot only were able to transform the gas into a solid but also creating 分析该选项
• Cwere able not only to transform the gas into a solid but to create 分析该选项
• Dwere able not only to transform the gas into a solid but also creating 分析该选项
• Ewere not only able to transform the gas into a solid, but they were also able to create

E not parallel Parallel would be "were able // not only (to X) but also (to Y)" ("were able" applies to both parts, while "to X" and "to Y" are parallel) But this choice says "were able // not only (to X) but they were also (able to Y)" So the opening "were able" should apply to both sets of parentheses, which would give us "were able able to Y." Which is obviously not grammatically correct. :)

choice (a): not only were able to transform the gas into a solid, but they also created the blue parts aren't parallel, because there's a subject in the second part but not in the first. and you are not, not, NOT allowed to ignore "they" in the second part. and because "scientists" comes before "not only", you must ignore it.

not only....but... is correct

actually, here's a more accurate take on what's going on here. IN ACTUALITY, there is really only one base structure here, which is "not ... but ..." that's actually the only TRUE set of parallel markers here. "only" and "also" are adverbs, and so ultimately function as modifiers -- i.e., they aren't necessary to the structure. still, since "not only ... but also ..." is so common, you may want to memorize it separately -- but be aware that this is NOT the only correct form of this idiom. the MOST reliable way to deconstruct this idiom is just to memorize "not ... but ...", and then ignore the adjectives "only" and "also" in deciding whether structures are grammatically parallel. in deciding the MEANING of the structure, you can't dismiss "only" and "also" ... but that's a separate issue. see below. -- EXAMPLES: BE SURE YOU CAN UNDERSTAND WHY EACH OF THESE IS CORRECT OR INCORRECT the writer was not only mortified by her mistake but determined to correct it in print. --> CORRECT the writer not only was mortified by her mistake but was determined to correct it in print. --> CORRECT the writer was not only mortified by her mistake but was determined to correct it in print. --> INCORRECT the small child was relieved to hear that the rustling under the bed was caused not by a ghost but by his pet cat. --> CORRECT the small child was relieved to hear that the rustling under the bed was caused not by a ghost but his pet cat. --> INCORRECT -- SO WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE, THEN, WITH "not only ... but also ..." "not only ... but ..." "not ... but ..." ? the difference here is strictly one of MEANING. the first two are pretty similar; the last one is TOTALLY different. (1) "not only ... but also ..." is used to refer to two descriptions that REINFORCE each other (i.e., both have the same connotation -- two good things, two bad things, two helpful things, etc.), but are fundamentally independent. ex: this drug is not only an alertness aid, but also an antidepressant. --> "alertness aid" and "antidepressant" are TWO GOOD THINGS that have basically NOTHING TO DO WITH EACH OTHER. therefore, "not only ... but also". (2) "not only ... but ..." is also used to refer to two descriptions that REINFORCE each other, but it's generally used when the second description EXPANDS or GOES BEYOND the first. ex: ryan not only competed in all the events, but won first prize in three of them. --> note that "won first prize in three of [the events]" is an EXTENSION of "compet[ing] in all the events". these are not independent. the above difference between (1) and (2) is subtle, and is therefore not terribly important. however, you MUST be able to tell those from the next one: (3) "not ... but ..." is used when the FIRST thing is EXPECTED, ASSUMED, or PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT, but is REFUTED / CONTRADICTED / DISPROVED by the SECOND thing. ex: the snacks known as "french fries" were invented not in france, but in belgium. --> the initial assumption, which is refuted, is that french fries are from france.

Mymisc Wrote:1. whether it is considered parallel, if I add some subject in between the but also, such as The author not only published her paper, but SHE also won a prize. ? or The drug not only kills the bacteria, but IT also kills white cells?

nope. not parallel. remember -- grammatical elements that FOLLOW parallel signals (not including modifiers/adjectives/adverbs, which can be neglected in considering grammar unless they ARE the whole parallel structures) must be parallel. in that example: following the signal not is "published her paper" -- notice that you don't have to consider "only" in this analysis, since it's an adverb and is therefore grammatically disposable following the signal but is "SHE (also) won..." these aren't parallel. a subject is clearly not a grammatically disposable element (modifier), so there's no way in which these constructions can be considered parallel.

not only 之间能否加东西， but also之间能否加东西。

是否对称看not 和but后面的内容，only also是副词。

2. Your explanation in the later part VERY CLEARLY clarified "not only...but also...", 'not only...but...", "not .... but...". Would you please help to have a similar explanation on this situation as: The drug kills the bacteria, but it also kills white cells.--I felt that "but (also)" used in such situation seems carry different meaning/relationship than the normal 'not only...but also...'. But on the other hand, we can make the sentence as The drug not only kills the bacteria, but also kills white cells. Do they have the same meaning? -- I thought I made this example out of the GMATPrep SC "Not only did the systematic clearing of forests ...."

well, both of those are grammatically correct, but one makes sense and the other one doesn't. the key observation here is that killing the bacteria is GOOD, but that killing white blood cells is BAD. therefore, The drug not only kills the bacteria but also kills white cells (note: no comma necessary) --> this doesn't make sense. see boldfaced point #1 above; the construction "not only ... but also" should only be used when the two things actually reinforce each other (i.e., have SIMILAR effects/contexts). those are opposites -- one good, one bad -- so the context here is inappropriate. for instance, The drugs not only kills the bacteria but also alleviates joint pain --> this one makes sense, since both effects described are positive. your example would be better written with just "but": The drug kills the bacteria but also kills white cells. that makes sense.

3. I guess these two are wrong, since they are not on your list "not only....also...", "not....but also..."? Any other variations allowed or not allowed?

the first of these could work, if there were some other transition signal (e.g. a semicolon) to replace the missing "but". for instance: The Acme Battery Corporation does not only make batteries; it also makes battery accessories, such as chargers. in this case, the meaning is largely the same as that of "not only ... but also..." the second of these doesn't seem logical under any circumstances that i can think of.

not only..... +连词信号... but... 对的

not ... but aslo 错的

"not only ... also" doesn't make grammatical sense; the inclusion of the conjunction "but" is of the utmost importance. if you don't have this conjunction, then the sentence thus created becomes a run-on -- a lot like just trying to connect two sentences with a comma, or just trying to stick them together without anything in between. so, in order to avoid a run-on sentence construction, you need to have the conjunction "but". even in the two parts that are connected are not complete clauses (such as "i ate not only a hamburger but also an omelette"), you still need to have the "but". in this sentence, the issue is no longer whether the construction is a run-on (since you are not trying to stick two complete sentences together anymore), but just whether parallelism is created properly. without the "but", you aren't signaling parallelism in the first place.

Additionally, I now found "not...but RATHER...'. Is this the same as 'not...but...'

grammatically, it's the same thing. in terms of meaning/rhetoric it's essentially the same as just "not ... but", but with extra emphasis on the fact that you are replacing an expected possibility with a different reality.

NOT ... BUT...结构中， NOT.. BUT RATHER...可以

If you interpret that sentence as "___, but ____", then the parallelism is fine. E.g., Matt is not a writer, but he is an editor. If you interpret this as "not ___ but ___", then it doesn't work. ("Not" is followed by a noun, while "but" is followed by an entire sentence.) On the other hand, if you interpret it as (sentence) + but + (sentence), then it's fine.

that's a good question—it's one of the best questions i've seen posted here lately. basically, here's the difference: •"not X but Y": this construction implies that X is what's "normal" or "expected", and that Y is what's actually true. e.g., I was surprised to learn that Ella was not Clint's biological daughter but in fact his adopted daughter, since her facial features so closely resemble his. (here, since the girl looks so much like her dad, we EXPECT to find out that she's his biological daughter.) •"X but Y": this just implies a contrast, but NOT any expectation. (in THIS PARTICULAR sentence—as already explained in this thread—the "X" part includes the word "not".) e.g., I am not a mechanic, but can perform basic maintenance on non-hybrid cars. __ this sentence DOES describe a contrast—these things aren't products of natural selection, BUT they ARE products of essentially random selection processes. on the other hand, it DOES NOT describe any sort of situation with an "expected" or "predictable" result. thus it should not use the first construction; it should use the second one. to make this sentence into "X, but Y", we need to include the are on the right-hand side.

In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.

• Amost of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle 分析该选项
• Bmost of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling 分析该选项
• Cmost of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling 分析该选项
• Dmostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle 分析该选项
• Emostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling

同位语，用them，不用which

At one time, the majestic American chestnut was so prevalent that it was said a squirrel could jump from tree to tree without once touching the ground between New York State and Georgia.

• Aso prevalent that it was said a squirrel could 分析该选项
• Bso prevalent that a squirrel was said that it could 分析该选项
• Cso prevalent for a squirrel to be said to be able to 分析该选项
• Dprevalent enough that it was said a squirrel could 分析该选项
• Eprevalent enough for a squirrel to be said to be able to

chestnut 栗子

RON: well, as you can see, this kind of ‘that’ can sometimes be omitted for stylistic reasons. here, they omit it to avoid undesirable repetition (note the presence of another "that" nearby).you don't need to know when it can be omitted and when it can't; that's a style issue, and style issues are not tested on this exam. you only need to know that this sort of thing is possible.

IT WAS SAID THAT, 这个that省略了，因为有个that了

From Ron： if you have it was ADJ ... or it has been/was/is said/believed...then the "it" doesn't have to stand for anything. you should just memorize this as an idiomatic construction.

固定用法：IT IS SAID THAT/ IT HAS BEEN SAID THAT / IT IS SAID THAT , THAT 可以省略

To protect English manufacturers of woolen goods both against American and Irish competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698, which prohibited the export of woolen cloth beyond a colony's borders.

• ATo protect English manufacturers of woolen goods both against American and Irish competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698 分析该选项
• BIn order to protect English manufacturers of woolen goods against both American and Irish competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698 分析该选项
• CIn order to protect English manufacturers of woolen goods against American, as well as against Irish, competition, the Woolens Act of 1698 was passed by England 分析该选项
• DFor protecting English manufacturers of woolen goods against American, as well as Irish, competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698 分析该选项
• EFor the protection of English manufacturers of woolen goods against both American and Irish competition, the Woolens Act of 1698, passed by England

both American competition and Irish comptetion，这个表达算是平行