Aesthetic ideology审美意识形态

Aesthetic ideology: Aesthetic ideology was a term applied by the deconstructive theorist Paul de Man, in his later writings, to describe the "seductive" appeal of aesthetic experience, in which, he claimed, form and meaning, perception and understanding, and cognition and desire are misleadingly, and sometimes dangerously, conflated. Such a conflation, he held, is manifested in some formulations of Nazi politics as an artful remaking of the state.

审美意识形态：结构主义理论家保罗·德·曼在其晚期著作中用审美意识形态这一术语来描述那种“有诱惑力的”审美经验，他声称，在这种审美经验里，形势和意义、感知和理解、认知和欲望被错误地有时则是危险地混为一谈。他认为，这样的混为一谈，表现在纳粹政治的一些构想上，用来巧妙地改造国家。

In de Man's view, the concept of the aesthetic came to stand for all organicist approaches not only to art, but to politics and culture as well. The experience of literature, he argued, minimizes the temptation of aesthetic ideology to confuse sensory experience with understanding, since literature represents the world in scuh a way that neither meaning nor sense-experience is directly perceptible.

在德·曼看来，得到所有有机论者支持的审美观念，不仅为艺术所用，也为政治和文化所用。他认为，文学经验最大限度地减少了审美意识形态的诱惑，混淆了感官体验与理解，因为文学展现世界的方式，使得意义或感官体验都不会被直接感知到。

In The Ideology of the Aesthetic, the Marxist theorist Terry Eagleton presented a history and critique of "the aesthetic," noting the many "ideological" perversions and distortions of the concept. Originally articulated in terms of freedom and pleasure, and therefore possessing an "emancipatory" potential for humankind, the aesthetic has often been appropriated by the political right so as to represent the essence of a reactionary ideology, which works most efficiently when it seems not to be working at all.

在《审美意识形态》一书中，马克思主义理论家特里·伊格尔顿，呈现了“审美”的历史和批判，指出了这一概念的许多“意识形态的”歪曲和曲解。原本与自由和快乐相连，并因此拥有一种“解放”人类的潜能，审美往往被政治右派据为己有，用来代表一种反动意识形态的本质，他在看上去一点不起晓的时候其实最有效。