C40世界市长峰会落幕，欧洲最绿色的城市揭晓

C40世界市长峰会将哥本哈根标志为欧洲最绿色的城市之一。

在气候变化问题上，哥本哈根并没有坐视不管。甚至在抵达机场之前，一群海上风力涡轮机就已经挥舞着它们钢铁般的手臂——这是一种欢欣鼓舞的欢迎，但同时也是一种负罪的提醒，告诉你即将来到世界上最绿色的城市，但却是坐着飞机来的。

When it comes to climate change, Copenhagen isn’t messing around. Before you even touch down at the airport, a cluster of offshore wind turbines swirl their steely arms – a jubilant welcome, but also a guilt-ridden reminder that you’re arriving into the world’s greenest city, by plane.

2019年C40世界市长峰会10月9日至12日在哥本哈根举行。全球大都市首领齐聚哥本哈根，讨论气候变化的所有问题，交换意见，并努力找出最消耗化石燃料的罪魁祸首。C40每三年在96个成员国城市之一举办一次峰会，目前正致力于明年4月在悉尼召开的女性气候大会，庆祝女性站在气候行动的前沿。

The C40 World Mayors Summit 2019 is now in full swing. The global network of metro-chiefs is gathering in Copenhagen to discuss all things climate change, compare notes and root out the guiltiest fossil fuel guzzlers. C40, which organises the summit every three years in one of the 96-member cities, are now working towards the Women4climate conference in Sydney next April, celebrating women at the forefront of climate action.

2016年《巴黎协定》墨迹未干之时，这座曾经烟雾缭绕的工业城市就已经开始积极行动了，致力于通过循环和回收再利用，在2025年之前达到碳中性状态。哥本哈根市长Frank Jensen解释说：“我的很多市长同事都把哥本哈根作为一个基准，因为我们的确有到2025年实现碳中和的切实可行的计划，而且我们有很多具体的可持续性解决方案。”

Before the ink on the 2016 Paris Agreement was dry, this once smoggy industrial city had already hit the ground running, cycling and recycling its way to earning carbon neutral status by 2025. ‘Many of my [mayoral] colleagues use Copenhagen as a benchmark because we have this plan to be carbon neutral by 2025, and we have a lot of concrete solutions for sustainability,’ explains Copenhagen’s mayor, Frank Jensen.

不过，这次峰会不仅是詹森分享喜悦的一个机会。他解释说:“我们经常说窃取创意不好，但从C40的人那里窃取创意是合法的。要成为C40的一员，你必须非常积极，必须传达领会主题精神，不能是一个沉闷的伙伴——如果你很被动不作为，你就会被组织开除。”

The summit though is a chance for Jensen to share as much as gloat. ‘We can often talk about stealing ideas from each other, but it is legal to steal ideas from people in C40,’ he explains. ‘You have to be very active to become a member of the C40. You have to deliver and cannot be a sleeping partner. If you’re a sleeping partner, you’re thrown out of the organisation.’

哥本哈根当然没有不积极。自2005年以来，通过减少化石燃料和鼓励更可持续的交通工具，它已成功减排42%。Arup建筑事务所设计开发的Wilkinson Eyre造型优美的内港大桥于今年9月揭幕,桥梁便于自行车和行人通行,符合城市的“环境敏感性”和秉持这种设计思考的地铁。

Copenhagen has certainly not been sleeping. Since 2005, it has managed to cut emissions by 42 per cent by snubbing fossil fuels and backing more sustainable means of transport, developing Wilkinson Eyre’s sleek inner harbour bridge, dedicated to cyclists and pedestrians, and the city’s ‘environmentally sensible’ and design-minded metro line, led by Arup Architects and unveiled this September.

以下，我们来到丹麦，探索这座城市应对气候问题的各个方面，设想一种更清洁、更环保的全球生活方式。

We travelled to Denmark to explore a few of the many ways the city is addressing climate issues and envisaging a cleaner, greener way of global living.

Copenhill / Amager Bakke垃圾发电厂

随着垃圾焚烧发电技术的发展，Amager资源中心(又名Copenhill)已经不仅仅是一个普通的方形建筑。这个令人期待已久的项目刚刚开放了屋顶，运用了Bjarke Ingels集团的“快乐主义的可持续性”思路，在垃圾转化能源工厂的顶部设置了一个人工滑雪斜坡、休闲徒步旅行区和攀岩墙。这家工厂的首席执行官Jacob Hartvig Simonsen表示，在炉子上建一个滑雪坡是个好主意，也很疯狂：“我们为人们提供了一个安全的设施，让他们在上面玩耍。”

As rubbish burners go, the Amager Resource Center (AKA Copenhill) is not a run-of-the-mill square-blocked eyesore. The long-anticipated project, which has just opened its roof, deploys Bjarke Ingels Group’s ‘hedonistic sustainability’ with an artificial ski slope, recreational hiking area and climbing wall on top of the waste-to-energy plant. ‘It’s a very good idea and a crazy idea to build a ski slope on a furnace,’ says the plant’s CEO Jacob Hartvig Simonsen. ‘We have provided a safe facility for them to play on.’

这家工厂于2017年开业，目标是每年处理40万吨垃圾。它已经为15万户丹麦家庭提供了区域供暖，为7万户家庭提供了非可回收垃圾发电。唯一的问题是当地可能没有足够的垃圾来维持这种程度的发电和供暖。幸运的是，邻国有大量的垃圾可供处理。去年，该工厂从英国进口并处理了约8万吨原本要填埋的垃圾。Copenhill也许是一些不知如何处理垃圾的国家急需的门票。

The plant itself opened in 2017 and aims to treat 400,000 tonnes of waste annually. It already supplies 150,000 Danish households with district heating and 70,000 with electricity from non-recyclable waste. The only hiccup is there might not be enough local waste to keep its fires burning. Fortunately, neighbouring countries have bounteous trash at their disposal. Last year, the plant imported and processed around 80,000 tonnes of waste from Great Britain previously destined for landfill. Copenhill might be the ticket to giving waste disposal some much-needed airtime. copenhill.dk

Østergro农场

在“适应气候变化”的这方面，有Østerbro这样一个隐蔽的大螺旋楼梯。它是所有城市农场的伊甸园，位于一个曾经的汽车拍卖行的屋顶上，上面有600平方米的有机蔬菜、香草、可食用的鲜花、蜂箱和一窝咯咯叫的母鸡。没有什么东西会让人觉得太过华美，那也不设计时想要的。

In a tucked-away corner of the ‘climate change adapted’ district of Østerbro is large spiral staircase. It leads to the Eden of all city farms, Østergro. On the roof of a former car auction house you’ll find 600 sq m of organic vegetables, herbs, edible flowers, beehives and a coop of clucking hens. Nothing feels too preened, and you wouldn’t want it to be.

在这个世界上，人们几乎不知道自己餐桌上的食物是怎么来的，但Østergro作为农业教育的一个平台,可以给游客上一个粮食生产和可持续价值的短训课。这座农场的餐厅，Gro Spiseri使用来自当地农场和Østergro的季节性食材，从生产一直到碗里。这份菜单是荤素搭配的，但主要是以植物为基础的食物，由一群合作密切的厨师熟练而精心地烹饪，其中一些厨师还来自高级餐厅。

In a world where we’ve almost severed ties with the roots of our food, Østergro also serves as a platform for agricultural education, giving visitors a crash course in food production and the value of sustainable eating. The farm’s restaurant, Gro Spiseri serves a biodynamic mix of sharing plates, using seasonal ingredients from local farms and Østergro’s own produce, dished up from stem to bowl. The menu – omnivorous, but heavily weighted on plant-based foods – is executed with skill and grace by a close-knit team of chefs, some of whom have the kitchens of Noma, 108 and Manfreds on their CVs.

这还不是世界末日

在Cisternerne阴森可怖的深处，一个地下水库变成了艺术展览空间，看起来介于大教堂地下室和密室之间。自丹麦艺术团体Superflex（由Jakob Fenger, Rasmus Nielsen和Bjørnstjerne Christiansen组成）在今年早些时候着手布置它起,它就代表着昏暗的,潮湿,肮脏的人类终结之处。

The eerie depths of Cisternerne, a subterranean reservoir turned art exhibition space look somewhere between a cathedral crypt and The Chamber of Secrets. Since Danish art collective Superflex (comprised of Jakob Fenger, Rasmus Nielsen and Bjørnstjerne Christiansen) got their hands on it earlier this year, it’s stood for the dingy, damp, squalid end of humanity.

他们的展览在气候问题上采取了反乌托邦的立场。水池被一英尺深的水淹没了。壮起胆子往水的深处钻，钻到几乎完全的黑暗里去，接下来会有一种非常明亮、非常蓝的东西撕裂黑暗。“这不是世界末日”，一个闪烁的霓虹灯上写着。也许这是一种希望的宣言，或是一种警告，如果人们继续自取灭亡，世界仍然会继续运行，不管那时候还有没有人类。

Their exhibition takes a dystopian stance on issues of climate. The cistern has been flooded in a foot of water. Dare to edge deeper though the water and into almost complete darkness, and something very bright and very blue cuts through the gloom. ‘It is not the end of the world’, reads a pulsating neon sign. Perhaps a declaration of hope, or a warning that if we continue our self-destructive behavior, the world will go on, with or without us.

这种情景可能难以想象，但哥本哈根在2011年就尝到了这种滋味，当时只用了不到三个小时，6英寸的降雨就淹没了这座城市，造成60亿丹麦克朗的损失。同年，该市制定了气候适应计划，以防止极端气候变化的影响。

This scenario might feel tricky to imagine, but Copenhagen had a taste of this in 2011 when six inches of rainfall in three hours deluged the city and caused six billion Danish Kroner in damage. In the same year, the city developed its Climate Adaption Plan to prevent the impact of extreme climate shifts.

这场展览将持续到11月30日，它可能会让你感到挥之不去的不安全感，但有几件事是肯定的:你需要一双长筒靴(已经提供了)、强健的个性和开放的心态。

The exhibition, which runs until 30 November, might leave you with lingering insecurity, but a few things are certain: you’ll need a pair of wellies (which are provided), a robust disposition and an open mind. cisternerne.dk

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