中秋月一轮,诗咏中秋 (中英文对照版)
微风拂面,阳光有时从城市的空隙中露出,给人温暖的样子,明媚了一个下午。
恍惚又是一个秋季。
在天气炎热之后,在落叶到来之前,每一个承载丰收的秋,都不由得让人追忆起这大半年乃至人生之旅的路途。或有所得,会心一笑;或叹所失,微微苦笑。
月亮这段时间也由缺转圆,在夜空中高悬,荡漾起游子那份漂泊感。古人究竟是如何将月亮的变化和家人的团聚联系到一起的呢?真是巧妙。
人生总是苦苦甜甜的吧,恰如月饼里包着的甜,配上一杯茶里极淡的苦,就是许多走走停停又继续踏上征途的人回味后的感觉。

这两周我们就借着中秋佳节,看看诗歌里咏月的佳句,本期是中文诗歌及其英译,下期是外文诗歌及其中译。但愿人长久,千里共婵娟,且望人月两圆。
望月怀远

张九龄
海上生明月,天涯共此时。
情人怨遥夜,竟夕起相思。
灭烛怜光满,披衣觉露滋。
不堪盈手赠,还寝梦佳期。
Musing on the Moon

The sea mirrors th’ rising moon bright;
Miles apart, our hearts share tonight.
Dewy-eyed, I wail this lone night:
Nostalgia stirs my heart all night.
The candle doused, brimming is light.
Dressed in a gown, I’m still dewy slight.
Too hard to hand you sweet moonlight:
In sleep, will dreams us reunite?
(许景城译)
“海上生明月,天涯共此时”是名句,写出一种看透人世的洒脱,当然这明月是难跨大洲共赏的,就像中秋佳节也独属中华文化之传承。诗句通篇用-ight作韵,可谓巧妙,其中mirror一词,点“海上生明月”亦颇有意境。

月下独酌(其一)
李白
花间一壶酒,独酌无相亲。
举杯邀明月,对影成三人。
月既不解饮,影徒随我身。
暂伴月将影,行乐须及春。
我歌月徘徊,我舞影零乱。
醒时同交欢,醉后各分散。
永结无情游,相期邈云汉。
Drinking Alone with the Moon
From a pot of wine among the flowers
I drank alone. There was no one with me --
Till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon
To bring me my shadow and make us three.
Alas, the moon was unable to drink
And my shadow tagged me vacantly;
But still for a while I had these friends
To cheer me through the end of spring....
I sang. The moon encouraged me.
I danced. My shadow tumbled after.
As long as I knew, we were boon companions.
And then I was drunk, and we lost one another.
...Shall goodwill ever be secure?
I watch the long road of the River of Stars.
(Robert Payne译)
李白举杯,便来灵感,诗仙当是酒中仙,也因为这个原因,古来文人墨客总要贪一口杯中物吧。对月求影,这意境是本诗的核心。这首诗有几十个版本的翻译,这里选取的版本中,tag和boon companions都是挺有意思的词,能表现出“随”和“同交欢”的意蕴。尽管没有押韵,自由诗的形式也能体现出原诗的意境。
关山月
李白
明月出天山,苍茫云海间。
长风几万里,吹度玉门关。
汉下白登道,胡窥青海湾。
由来征战地,不见有人还。
戍客望边色,思归多苦颜。
高楼当此夜,叹息未应闲。
The Moon at the Fortified Pass
The bright moon lifts from the Mountain of Heaven
In an infinite haze of cloud and sea,
And the wind, that has come a thousand miles,
Beats at the Jade Pass battlements....
China marches its men down Baideng Road
While Tartar troops peer across blue waters of the bay....
And since not one battle famous in history
Sent all its fighters back again,
The soldiers turn round, looking toward the border,
And think of home, with wistful eyes,
And of those tonight in the upper chambers
Who toss and sigh and cannot rest.
(Witter Bynner译)
这首诗是典型的边塞诗,李白首先用宏大的景象描绘了浩瀚的景象,接着又从战争谈到了百姓之苦。英文翻译中有几个不错的动词,如beat、peer、toss等,能准确传达原诗之意。

月圆
杜甫
孤月当楼满,寒江动夜扉。
委波金不定,照席绮逾依。
未缺空山静,高悬列宿稀。
故园松桂发,万里共清辉。
Full Moon
Du Fu
Above the tower — a lone, twice-sized moon.
On the cold river passing night-filled homes,
It scatters restless gold across the waves.
On mats, it shines richer than silken gauze.
Empty peaks, silence: among sparse stars,
Not yet flawed, it drifts. Pine and cinnamon
Spreading in my old garden . . . All light,
All ten thousand miles at once in its light!
(David Hinton译)
同样是写月,同样是共赏一尊明月,但杜甫的诗就比张九龄清冷了许多:孤、寒、空、静、稀、清。译诗更偏意译,但通篇的感情,却是一致的。

水调歌头•中秋
苏轼
明月几时有,把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去,又恐琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影,何似在人间。
转朱阁,低绮户,照无眠。不应有恨,何事长向别时圆?人有悲欢离合,月有阴晴圆缺,此事古难全。但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。
Thinking of You

How rare the moon, so round and clear!
With cup in hand, I ask of the blue sky,
"I do not know in the celestial sphere
What name this festive night goes by?"
I want to fly home, riding the air,
But fear the ethereal cold up there,
The jade and crystal mansions are so high!
Dancing to my shadow,
I feel no longer the mortal tie.
She rounds the vermilion tower,
Stoops to silk-pad doors,
Shines on those who sleepless lie.
Why does she, bearing us no grudge,
Shine upon our parting, reunion deny?
But rare is perfect happiness--
The moon does wax, the moon does wane,
And so men meet and say goodbye.
I only pray our life be long,
And our souls together heavenward fly!
(林语堂译)
林语堂先生曾用英文写《苏东坡传》,译苏轼的诗自不在话下,或许译者本人也会因为翻译而更能体会诗人本来的想法吧。诗作读来更似西方思维的再创造,其中wax和wane的头韵和mortal tie一词的运用,尤其精彩。


静夜思
李白
床前明月光,
疑是地上霜。
举头望明月,
低头思故乡。
这首古诗,看似最简单,也最难翻译,网上的英文翻译版本也有几十种之多。既有珠玉在前,又得前面不少译诗的启发,这里Tony导师也斗胆自己用英法文翻译一回,纵然贻笑大方,也总是一次尝试,还望各位不吝赐教:
Thoughts on a Quiet Night
The moonlight lies brightly before my bed,
I doubt if it should be frost on the ground.
I watched the bright moon raising my head.
When I dropped it, the hometown came to my mind.

Les Pensées lors d’une Nuit Tranquille
Le clair de lune repose devant mon lit.
Je me demande s’il est le givre sur le sol.
Levant la tête, je regardais la lune claire.
Quand la tête tomba, je pensais à mon pays natal.

Creator:Tony
Designer:Jin
Editor:Tony


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