雅思经验（共）

Intonation

1,It ‘conveys emotion’

2,Intonation also ‘conveys meaning’

(a rising tone is used at the end of ‘yes/no questions’

a falling tone at the end of ‘information questions’

falling intonation is also used with ‘statements’)

Comma

1,Commas are used ‘to separate items in a list’

(adding a comma between items in a list tells us clearly how many different items there

Are)

2,Comma is to separate clauses in a sentence.

(we use a comma to separate dependent and independent clauses, but only when the dependent clause is first in the sentence.)

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Describing someone

① intellect (clever , wise, bright, smart, foolish , stupid)

② attitudes towards life (sensible , introverted , extroverted , optimistic , pessimistic)

③ attitudes to people (polite , generous , kind , impolite , greedy , mean)

④ behaviour (positive , interesting , confident , negative , boring ,shy)

For: body describe

① face (eyes, mouth, nose)

② body (spine, blood, bones)

③ head (legs, arms)

(rhymes can also be helpful when you’re trying to remember new words)

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Decimals

71.95 (seventy one point nine five) 47.18 (forty seven point one eight)

9809.79 (nine thousand eight hundred and nine point seven nine)

(notice that a zero is often spoken as ‘oh’)

326.01 (three hundred and twenty six point oh one)

4.897 (four point eight nine seven)

902.308 (nine hundred and two point three oh eight)

111.03 (one hundred and eleven point oh three)

or(one hundred and eleven point zero three)

0.425 (zero point four two five) or (naught point four two five) or (point four two five)

Fractions

1/2 (a half) 1/3 (a third) ¼ (a quarter) 2/3 (two thirds)

5/8 (five eights) ¾ (three quarters) 7/18 (seven eighteenths)

16/30 (16thirtieths) 14/40 (14 fortieths)

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Prefixes and Suffixes

+’re’, ’renew’(it not only changes the meaning , but function.)

+’ed’, ’renewed’(it changes the tense of the verb to simple past tense)

For : recycled, refurbished and retighten

+’er ’, (it isn’t only used for people , it can be used for things)

①A grinder is a machine that grinds.

②you get wider ones.(… to make a comparative adjective)

tight (an adjective)

+’en ’, ‘tighten’ (to make tight)

+’re’ ‘retighten’ (to tighten again)

Cooper it is someone who makes barrels

+’ing’, ‘Coopering’ it is the work of making barrels

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Currencies

(Australian) AUD The Australian dollar $ dollar

(United states) USD The greenback $ dollar

(Great Britain) GBP the pound sterling £ pound

(European Union) EUR the Euro € dollar

(Japan) JPY the Japanese yen ¥ yen

(china)

£4.15 (four pounds fifteen)

3.470 JPY (three thousand ,four hundred and seventy Japanese yen)

192 AUD (one hundred and ninety two Australian dollars)

don’t say (one hundred and ninety two)but(a hundred n ninety two)

127.322 HKD (a hundred and twenty seven thousand , three hundred and twenty two Hong Kong dollars)

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The time and the date

1, Tuesday the 11th of November

“11th of November” “November the 11th,”

(notice that it’s written without the words ‘the’ , or ‘of’)

2, 13th of February 2005

Australians write this: ‘13.02.2005’ ‘day dot month dot year’

In north America: ’02.13.2005’ ‘mouth dot day dot year’

International standard: ‘year dot month dot day

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Formal , written English

1, in written language , all words must be spelt correctly.

2,contractions are not used in formal written English.

3,informal English is the use of phrasal verbs , or two word verbs.

(‘came from’’ …probably where the mythology of the fountain of youth came from.’)

(‘eliminating’ ‘they weren’t getting rid of carbon dioxide.’)

4,formal written English, is understanding how to use conjunctions.

(‘short sentences’ are less formal than ‘compared or complex sentences’)

5,…avoid repetition in your formal written English.

(…repetition can be used to add emphasis in spoken English.)

6,…in formal academic writing, you should find other ways of adding emphasis.

(I tried and I tried and I tried.)

7,…use the prefix ’re-’ to indicate a repeated action.

(I tried repeatedly.)

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a’ and ‘an ’,’ the’

①(The rule is that ‘a’ is used before words starting with a consonant , and ‘an’ is used before words starting with a vowel.) ’a banana’, ‘an apple’

②(So we say ‘a happy man’, but ‘an honest man’, the ‘h’ is not pronounced , so ‘honest’ sounds like it starts with a vowel)

③(where the vowel ‘u’ is pronounced like a ‘y’ sound, we use ’a’.)’an umbrella ’ ,’a user’

④(we use it when we’re referring to ‘definite specific’ things . we also use ‘the’ when we’re talking about one particular member of a group.)

⑤(there is a difference in pronunciation though, when ‘the’ comes before a vowel sound , we say ‘thee ’ , ’the apples’. So ‘thee’ before vowel sounds , and ‘thuh’ before consonant sounds)

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