VOA 词汇
A.
accept - v. to agree to receive 接受
accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event 事故
accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement
against someone 指责
activist - n. one who seeks change through action 激进分子
administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a
president or prime minister 政府
admit - v. to accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or
responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.") 承认
adult - n. a grown person 成人
advise - v. to help with inｆｒｏｍation, knowledge or ideas in making a decision 建议
affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's
perｆｒｏｍance.") 影响
agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United
Nations") 机构
aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's
borders 侵略
agriculture - n. farming 农业
air force - n. a military organization using airplanes 空军
album - n. a collection of recorded music 歌集
alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in
industrial products 酒精
ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 联合体
ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another
government) 大使
amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law) 修正
ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns 弹药
anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness 无政府状态
ancestor - n. a family member from the past 祖先
ancient - ad. very old; long ago 远古的
anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the
past 周年
announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially 宣布
apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts
responsibility 致歉
appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on
somebody for help 上诉；呼吁
appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem 出现
appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge") 任命
approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support 赞成
archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities 考古学
argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree 争论
arms - n. military equipment; weapons 兵器
arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner 逮捕
artillery - n. big guns 炮
assist - v. to help 帮助
astronaut - n. a person who travels in space 宇航员
astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe 天文学
asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another
country 政治庇护
atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet 大气层
attach - v. to tie together; to connect 系上；连接
attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight 袭击
attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort 尝试
attend - v. to be present at 出席
automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car 汽车
average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal 平均，平常
avoid - v. to stay away from 避免
award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service 奖励
B
balance - v. to make two sides or forces equal 平衡
balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter
than air 气球
ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting 选票
ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction 禁止
bar - v. to prevent or block 禁止，阻碍
barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult 障碍
base - n. a military center 军营; v. to establish as a fact 基于 ("Her research was based on
experiments.")
battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces 战斗
beat - v. to hit again and again 击打
betray - v. to turn against; to be false to 背叛
bill - n. a legislative proposal 议案
biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their ｆｒｏｍs 生物学
blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible 责备
block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement 堵塞，阻碍
bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force 炸弹; v. to attack or destroy with
bombs 炸弹袭击
border - n. a dividing line between nations 边界
boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with 联合抵制
brief - ad. short; not long 简短的
broadcast - v. to send inｆｒｏｍation, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio
or television program 广播
brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee 褐色的
budget - n. a spending plan 预算
bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun 子弹
burst - v. to break open suddenly 爆裂
business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade 工作，商业
C
cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government 内阁
camp - n. a place with temporary housing 露营
campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from
voters; a connected series of military actions during a war 活动
cancel - v. to end; to stop 取消
cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the
body 癌症
candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 候选人
capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and
services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies 资本主义
capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get
control of 捕获
case (court) - n. a legal action 案例
case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox
at the school.") 病例
cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result 导致
ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement 停火协议
celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities 庆祝
ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition 仪式
chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group 主席
champion - n. the best; the winner 冠军
charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime 控诉; n. a statement in
which someone is accused of something 指控
chase - v. to run or go after someone or something 追逐
cheer - v. to shout approval or praise 欢呼
chemicals - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the
science of chemistry 化学物质
chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they
act under different conditions, and how they ｆｒｏｍ other substances
1. chief - n. the head or leader of a group 首领; ad. leading; most important 主要的
civilian - ad. not military 平民
civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of
a nation 公民权力
claim - v. to say something as a fact 声明
clash - n. a battle 冲突; v. to fight or oppose 发生冲突
clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization 神职人员
climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place 气候
coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel 煤
coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together 联盟
coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean 海岸
colony - n. land controlled by another country or government 殖民地
combine - v. to mix or bring together 联合，结合
command - v. to order; to have power over something 命令
comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something 评论
committee - n. a group of people given special work 委员会
communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange inｆｒｏｍation 交流，通信
community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area 社区
compare - v. to examine what is different or similar 对比
compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others 竞争
complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple 复杂的
compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept
less than first demanded 折衷
concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about") ; v. to fear ("to be
concerned") 关注，关心
condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad 遣责
condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement 条件; a person's
health 身体状况
conference - n. a meeting 会议
confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true 确定
conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one 冲突
congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck 祝贺
Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United
States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in
other countries 议会
conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change 保守派
constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that ｆｒｏｍ a nation's system of
government 宪法
contain - v. to hold; to include 包容
container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 容器
continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world 大陆
control - v. to direct; to have power over 控制
convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose 大会
cooperate - v. to act or work together 合作
court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law 法院
crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force 碰撞，坠毁
create - v. to make; to give life or ｆｒｏｍ to 创造
creature - n. any living being; any animal or human 生物
credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time 信用
crew - n. a group of people working together 全体人员
crime - n. an act that violates a law 罪行
criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime 罪犯
crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or
worse; a dangerous situation 危机
criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to
judge 批评
crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place 人群
crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely 压碎
curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses 戒严
current - n. movement of air, water or electricity 水流，电流; ad. belonging to the present time 目前的 ("She found the report in a current publication.")
custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people 习惯，风俗
customs - n. taxes on imports 入关税
D
dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water 大坝
damage - v. to cause injury or destruction 摧毁; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things 毁坏
deaf - ad. not able to hear 聋的
debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument 争论
debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing 债务
declare - v. to say; to make a statement 声明
decrease - v. to make less in size or amount 降低
defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having
lost 打败
defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect 防卫
deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or
imports are greater than exports 赤字
define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain 定义
delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late 延迟
delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another 代表
demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force 要求
democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or
to make other important decisions 民主
demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd
demonstrated in support of human rights.") 示威; to explain by using examples ("The
teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") 示范
denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely 谴责
deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request 否认
depend - v. to need help and support 依靠
deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness 表示悲痛
deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action 部署（军队）
depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic
activity during which many people lose their jobs 衰退
describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something 描述
design - v. to plan or create plans for 设计
desire - v. to want very much; to wish for 愿望
destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of 摧毁
develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress 发展
device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose 设备
dictator - n. a ruler with complete power 独裁者
diet - n. usual daily food and drink 日常饮食
diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another
government 外交官
direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way 指引 ("He directed me to the theater."); ad.
straight to something; not through some other person or thing 直接的 ("The path is
direct.")
direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came
from or went to 方向
dirt - n. earth or soil 泥土
disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist 消失
disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb
harmless by removing its exploding device 解除武装
discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas 讨论
disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria 疾病
dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider 解散
dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate 争论
dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government 不同政见者
document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or
support of something 文件
drown - v. to die under water 溺水
drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance
used to ease pain or to affect the mind 药品
dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air 灰尘
E
earn - v. to be paid in return for work done 获得
earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface 地震
ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult 减轻
ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things 环境
2. economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized 经济
edge - n. the line where something ends or begins 边缘
effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious
effect on the economy.") 效果
effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something 努力
elect - v. to choose by voting 选举
electricity - n. a ｆｒｏｍ of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light,
and power to machines 电力
embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants 大使馆
emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action 紧急情况
emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness 感情
employ - v. to give work in return for wages 雇佣
energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and
willingness to be active 能量
enforce - v. to make something be done 强制执行
engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work 引擎
engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads 工程师
environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life;
the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals 环境
equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights 对等的
equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity 设备
escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of 逃离
especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.") 特别是
establish - v. to bring into existence; to create 建立
estimate - v. to ｆｒｏｍ an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than
complete inｆｒｏｍation 估计
ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race,
religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived 种族的
evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas 蒸发
evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing 证据
evil - ad. not good; extremely bad 邪恶的
examine - v. to study closely 审视，察看
exchange - v. to trade 交易; to give or receive one thing for another 交换
execute - v. to kill 处死
exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel 驱逐; n. a person who is
forced to leave his or her country 被驱逐者
exist - v. to be; to live 存在
expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger 扩张
expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event 期望
expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away 驱逐，开除
experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition 经历("She experienced
great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through 经历("The experience
caused her great pain.")
experiment - v. to test 做实验; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or
false, or to discover something 实验
expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training 专家
explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb 爆炸
explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to
make a careful search; to examine closely 探索
export - v. to send to another country 出口; n. something sent to another country, usually
for sale 出口商品
express - v. to say clearly 表达
extend - v. to stretch out in area or length 扩展 ; to continue for a longer time 延长
extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted 极端的
extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an
extreme or violent way 极端主义者
F
fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal 失败
fair - ad. just; honest; what is right 公正
federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government 联邦的
fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much 肥沃的，多产的
fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry 猛烈的
financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit,
investments and banks 财政的
fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime 罚款; ad. very good 好的; very small or thin 细小的
fireworks - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations 鞭炮
firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.") 坚定的
fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.") 适合
fix - v. to make good or right again 修理
flee - v. to run away from 逃跑
float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or
through air 飘浮
flood - v. to cover with water 淹没; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean
onto land 水灾
flow - v. to move like a liquid 流动
fluid - n. any substance that can flow, such as a liquid 液体
forgive - v. to pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt 原谅
ｆｒｏｍer - ad. earlier in time; not now 前任的
forward - ad. the direction in front of; toward the front 向前的
freedom - n. the condition of being free 自由
freeze - v. to cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold 冰冻
fresh - ad. newly made or gathered; recent 清新的
frighten - v. to cause great fear 使惊吓
fuel - n. any substance burned to create heat or power 燃料
funeral - n. a ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead 葬礼
G
gain - v. to get possession of; to get more; to increase 获得
gas - n. any substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide
heat, light or power 气体
gather - v. to bring or come together into a group or place 集合; to collect 收集
govern - v. to control; to rule by military or political power 统治
government - n. a system of governing; the organization of people that rules a
country, city or area 政府
grain - n. the seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those
plants that produce the seeds 谷类
gray - ad. having the color like that made by mixing black and white 灰色的
grind - v. to reduce to small pieces by crushing 磨碎
guarantee - v. to promise a result; to promise that something will happen 保证
guerrilla - n. a person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an
official army or police 游击队
guilty - ad. having done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a
bad action 有罪的
H
halt - v. to come or cause to come to a stop; to stop 停止
headquarters - n. the center from which orders are given; the main offices of a
business or organization 司令部
health - n. the general condition of the body and mind; the condition of being free
from sickness or disease 健康
helicopter - n. a machine without wings that can fly up or down or remain in one
place above the ground 直升机
hijack - v. to seize or take control of a vehicle by force 绑架
holy - ad. greatly honored in religion 神圣的
honor - v. to obey; to show strong, good feelings for 尊敬 ("to honor one's parents"); n.
an award; an act of giving special recognition 尊敬("He received many honors for his
efforts to help others.")
horrible - ad. causing great fear; terrible 可怕的
hostage - n. a person captured and held as a guarantee that a demand or promise
will be honored 人质
hostile - ad. ready to fight; ready for war 敌对的
3. identify - v. to recognize someone or something and to say who or what they are 识别
illegal - ad. not legal; in violation of a law 非法的
imagine - v. to make a picture in the mind; to ｆｒｏｍ an idea 想象
import - v. to bring from another country 进口; n. something brought from another
country, usually for sale 进口商品
improve - v. to make better; to become better 提高
incident - n. an event or something that happens 事故
incite - v. to urge or cause an action or emotion, usually something bad or violent 煽动
increase - v. to make more in size or amount 增加
independent - ad. not influenced by or controlled by another or others; free;
separate 独立的
individual - n. one person 个人
industry - n. any business that produces goods or provides services; the work and
related activity in factories and offices; all organizations involved in manufacturing 工业，产业，行业
infect - v. to make sick with something that causes disease 传染
inflation - n. a continuing rise in prices while the value of money goes down 通货膨胀
influence - v. to have an effect on someone or something; to cause change 影响
inｆｒｏｍ - v. to tell; to give knowledge to 告知
inject - v. to force a fluid into, such as putting medicine or drugs into the body
through the skin 注射
injure - v. to cause harm or damage to a person or animal 伤害
innocent - ad. not guilty of a crime; not responsible for a bad action 无辜的
insane - ad. mentally sick 患精神病的
inspect - v. to look at something carefully; to examine, especially by an expert 视察
instrument - n. a tool or device designed to do something or to make something 器械
insult - v. to say something or to do something that makes another person angry or
dishonored 侮辱
intelligence - n. the ability to think or learn; inｆｒｏｍation gathered by spying 智慧
intelligent - ad. quick to understand or learn 有才智的
intense - ad. very strong; extremely serious 剧烈的
interest - n. what is important to someone 利益 ("He acted to protect his interests." "She
had a great interest in painting."); a share in owning a business; money paid for the
use of money borrowed 利息
interfere - v. to get in the way of; to work against; to take part in the activities of
others, especially when not asked to do so 干涉
intervene - v. to come between; to come between in order to settle or solve 干预，介入
invade - v. to enter an area or country by force with an army 侵略
invest - v. to give money to a business or organization with the hope of making
more money 投资
investigate - v. to study or examine all inｆｒｏｍation about an event, situation or
charge; to search for the truth 调查，研究
involve - v. to take part in; to become a part of; to include 包括
issue - n. an important problem or subject that people are discussing or arguing
about 事件
J
jail - n. a prison for those waiting to be tried for a crime or for those serving sentences
for crimes that are not serious 监狱
joint - ad. shared by two or more 共同的
jury - n. a group of people chosen to decide what is true in a trial 陪审团
just - ad. only ("Help me for just a minute."); very shortly before or after the
present ("He just left.") 刚才; at the same time 同时 ("He left just as I came in."); what is
right or fair 公正的 ("The law is just, in my opinion.")
K
kidnap - v. to seize and take away by force 绑架
knowledge - n. that which is known; learning or understanding 知识
L
labor - n. work; workers as a group 劳动力
laboratory - n. a room or place where experiments in science are done 实验室
lack - v. to be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having 缺乏
launch - v. to put into operation; to begin开办; to send into the air or space 发射
leak - v. to come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas
or liquid) 漏
legal - ad. of or in agreement with the law 合法的
legislature - n. a government lawmaking group 立法机构
liberal - ad. one who usually supports social progress or change 自由主义的
lightning - n. light produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm 闪电
link - v. to connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between
two or more things, situations or events 联系
literature - n. all the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country 文学
load - v. to put objects on or into a vehicle or container 装载. that which is carried 负荷
loan - n. money borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; 借款
local - ad. about or having to do with one place 本地的
loyal - ad. showing strong friendship and support for someone or something 忠诚的
M
majority - n. the greater number; more than half 多数
manufacture - v. to make goods in large amounts 制造
march - v. to walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to
protest about something 游行
market - n. a place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic
system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how
much money people are willing to pay for them 市场
mass - n. an amount of matter having no special ｆｒｏｍ and usually of a large size 大量事物
mate - v. to bring together a male and a female to create another creature 使配对
mathematics - n. the science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained
by numbers and signs 数学
mayor - n. the chief official of a city or town government 市长
measure - v. to learn the amount, size or distance of something 测量. an action taken 措施 a legislative proposal 议案
media - n. all public inｆｒｏｍation organizations, including newspapers, television and
radio 媒体
melt - v. to make a solid into a liquid by heating it 融化
member - n. one of a group 成员
memorial - n. something done or made to honor the memory of a person or event 纪念的
mental - ad. about or having to do with the mind 精神的
mercy - n. kindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or
to pardon 仁慈
message - n. written or spoken news or inｆｒｏｍation; a note from one person to
another person or group 消息
metal - n. a hard substance such as iron, steel or gold 金属
method - n. the way something is done 方法
microscope - n. a device used to make very small things look larger so they can be
studied 显微镜
militant - n. someone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of
force or violence 斗士
military - n. the armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces 军方
mineral - n. a substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal
or salt 矿物
minister - n. a member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister,"
"foreign minister") 部长
minor - ad. small in size; of little importance 少数的
minority - n. the smaller number; opposite majority 少数
missile - n. any weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes
when it reaches its target 导弹
missing - ad. lost; not found 遗失的
mob - n. a large group of wild or angry people 暴徒
moderate - ad. not extreme 温和的
moral - ad. concerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions 道德的
motion - n. a movement; a continuing change of position or place 运动，动作
mourn - v. to express or feel sadness 哀悼
mystery - n. something that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret 神秘事物
4. N
natural - ad. of or about nature; normal; common to its kind 自然的
navy - n. the part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea 海军
negotiate - v. to talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution 商议
neutral - ad. not supporting one side or the other in a dispute 中立的
nominate - v. to name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person
for an office or position 提名
nowhere - ad. not in, to or at any place 到处都没有
nuclear - ad. of or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them
together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms 核的
O
obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act 遵从
object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest 反对; n. something not
alive that can be seen or touched 物体
observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They
will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") 观察
occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force 占领
offensive - n. a military campaign of attack 攻击; ad. having to do with attacking 攻击性的
offer - v. to present or propose 提供; n. the act of presenting or proposing 提议; that which is presented or proposed 提供物
officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a
member of a police force 武官
official - n. a person with power in an orgaization; a representative of an
organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government
or someone in power 文官
operate - v. to do work or a job 执行; to cut into the body for medical reasons 手术
opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking 意见
oppose - v. to be against; to fight against 反对
opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from ; exactly the other way
("North is the opposite direction from south.") 相反的
oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or
power 压迫
orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object 绕轨道而行; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet 轨道
oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force 剥夺
overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force 推翻
owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received 欠
P
parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane
or helicopter to the ground 降落伞
parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special
event or anniversary 游行
parliament - n. a government lawmaking group 议会
passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country 护照
patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem 病人
peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet 和平
perｆｒｏｍ - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others 表演
permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time 永久的
permit - v. to let; to make possible 允许
physical - ad. of the body 身体的
physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy 物理
pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter 飞行员
planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") 行星
plot - v. to make secret plans密谋; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal 阴谋
poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions 诗
point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim 指向; n. the sharp end of something 尖端
policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions
in politics, economics or business 制度
politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office 政治
pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water 污染
popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public 流行的，受欢迎的
port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can
be safe from a storm 港口
position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a
job (or level of a job) in an organization 位置
possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by 拥有
postpone - v. to delay action until a later time 拖延
pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow 倾泻
praise - v. to say good things about; to approve 赞扬
pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit 祈祷
pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give
birth to a baby 怀孕的
present - v. to offer for consideration 表明 ("We will present our idea to the
committee."); n. a gift 礼物("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The
present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place 出席的 ("I was present at school
yesterday.")
press - v. to urge strongly 逼迫 ; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications 出版
pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against
something else 压力
prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening 阻止
private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public 私人的
prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one
must work hard for to get 奖项
process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result 过程
produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture 生产
profession - n. a job that requires special training 职业
profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that
activity 利润
progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal 发展
project - n. a planned effort to do something 项目
propaganda - n. ideas or inｆｒｏｍation used to influence opinions
property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods 财产
propose - v. to present or offer for consideration 建议
protest - v. to speak against; to object 抗议
prove - v. to show to be true 正式
publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine 出版物
publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a
book, newspaper or magazine 出版
pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force;
opposite push 拉
pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through 抽吸
punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal 惩罚
purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is
bought 购买
pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean 纯的
purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal 目标
push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the
force; opposite pull 推
Q
quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel
is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") 质量
R
race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest 竞赛; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color 种族
radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects
that may be too far away to be seen 雷达
radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy
from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous 辐射
raid - v. to make a sudden attack 袭击; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or
for the purpose of seizing or stealing something 突袭
realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are 现实的
5. reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to
compromise 合理的
rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey 反抗;
n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country 造反者
recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce
less and many workers lose their jobs 衰退
recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known
about or seen before 识别; to accept another nation as independent and establish
diplomatic ties with its government 承认
reｆｒｏｍ - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better
condition 改革
refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment,
danger or war 难民
reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe 反对
relations - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family;
people connected by marriage or family ties 关系
release - v. to free; to permit to go 释放; to permit to be known or made public 发布
religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods 宗教
remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same 保留
remains - n. a dead body 遗体
report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation 报道; n. the story
about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the
facts may not be confirmed 报道
represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an
example 代表
repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force 压制
request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for 要求
require - v. to need or demand as necessary 需要
rescue - v. to free from danger or evil 拯救
research - n. a careful study to discover correct inｆｒｏｍation 研究
resign - v. to leave a position, job or office 辞职
resist - v. to oppose 反对; to fight to prevent 反抗
resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually
reached by voting 决议
resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold 资源
responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the
report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") 有责任的
restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group 抑制
restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger 限制
revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government 反抗
riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place 骚乱; n. a violent action
by a large group of people 暴乱
risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury 风险
rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal 抢夺
rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning
gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a
weapon 火箭，导弹
rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing 摩擦
ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy 毁坏
rule - v. to govern or control; to decide 统治; n. a statement or an order that says how
something must be done 规则
S
sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation
("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.")
sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or
another person 牺牲
satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object
placed in orbit around the earth 卫星
satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded 使满意
security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to
protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") 安全
Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries,
such as in the United States Congress 参议院
severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage 严重的
shell - v. to fire artillery 炮轰; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and
explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover 炮弹
shelter - v. to protect or give protection to 庇护; n. something that gives protection; a
place of safety 庇护所
shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value 缩减
skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal
positions 骷髅
slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface 滑行
smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with
force 打碎
spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident 溢出
spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and
emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death 精神
split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts 分裂
spy - v. to steal or get inｆｒｏｍation secretly 侦察; n. one who watches others secretly; a
person employed by a government to get secret inｆｒｏｍation about another country 间谍
square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides 四方型
stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon 刺伤
starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food 挨饿
statue - n. a ｆｒｏｍ of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood
or metal 塑像
storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow 风暴
straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns 直接的
stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider 伸展
strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more
pay or to make other demands 罢工
structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is
ｆｒｏｍed or organized in a special way; a building 结构
struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with 挣扎; n. a great effort; a fight 奋斗
submarine - n. an underwater ship 潜艇
substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) 物质
substitute - v. to put or use in place of another替换; n. a person or thing put or used in
place of another 替换者（品）
subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government,
usually secretly 颠覆
succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result 成功
suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness 受苦
suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider 建议
supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others 监督
supply - v. to give; to provide 供给; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold
to others 供给品
support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others
and help them reach a goal; to approve 支持
suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine 假设 ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It
is supposed to rain tonight.")
suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent inｆｒｏｍation from
being known publicly 压制
surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade
surplus. It exports more than it imports.") 过剩
surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to
stop fighting and admit defeat 投降
survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation 幸存
suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal 怀疑;
n. a person believed to be guilty 嫌疑犯
suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time 延缓
swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth 吞咽
swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out
the duties of that office 宣誓就职 ("The chief justice will swear in the president.")
sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings
of sadness 同情
T
tax - n. the money a person or business must pay to the government so the
government can provide services 税
technical - ad. involving machines, processes and materials in industry
6. transportation and communications; of or about a very special kind of subject or
thing 技术的("You need technical knowledge to understand how this system works.")
technology - n. the use of scientific knowledge and methods to produce goods and
services 技术
telescope - n. a device for making objects that are far away appear closer and larger 望远镜
temporary - ad. lasting only a short time 暂时的
tense - ad. having fear or concern; dangerous; opposite calm 紧张的
territory - n. a large area of land 领地
terror - n. extreme fear; that which causes great fear 恐怖行动
terrorist - n. a person who carries out acts of extreme violence as a protest or a way
to influence a government 恐怖主义者
theory - n. a possible explanation of why something exists or how something
happens using experiments or ideas, but which is not yet proven 理论 ("Other scientists
are debating his theory about the disappearance of dinosaurs.")
threaten - v. to warn that one will do harm or cause damage 威胁
torture - v. to cause severe pain 折磨; n. the act of causing severe pain in order to harm, to punish or to get inｆｒｏｍation from 折磨，拷打
trade - v. to buy and sell or exchange products or services 交易; n. the activity of buying,
selling or exchanging products or services 贸易
tradition - n. a ceremony, activity or belief that has existed for a long time 传统
traffic - n. the movement of people, vehicles or ships along a street, road or
waterway 交通
tragic - ad. extremely sad; terrible 悲剧的
transport - v. to move goods or people from one place to another 运输
transportation - n. the act or business of moving goods or people 交通
treason - n. the act of fighting against one's own country or of helping its enemies 叛国罪
treasure - n. a large collection of money, jewels or other things of great value 财宝
treaty - n. a written agreement between two or more nations 协定
trial - n. an examination in a court of a question or dispute to decide if a charge is
true 审判
tribe - n. a group of families ruled by a common chief or leader 部族
trick - v. to cheat; to fool a person so as to get something or make him or her do
something 诡计
troops - n. a number of soldiers in a large controlled group 军队
truce - n. a temporary halt in fighting agreed to by all sides involved 休战
tube - n. a long, round structure through which liquids or gases can flow; a long,
thin container in which they can be kept 管道
U
unite - v. to join together 联合
universe - n. all of space, including planets and stars 宇宙
unless - conj. except if it happens; on condition that ("I will not go, unless the rain
stops.") 除非
urge - v. to advise strongly; to make a great effort to get someone to do something 敦促
urgent - ad. needing an immediate decision or action 紧急的
V
valley - n. a long area of land between higher areas of land 山谷
value - n. the quality of being useful, important or desired; the amount of money
that could be received if something is sold 价值
vehicle - n. anything on or in which a person or thing can travel or be transported,
especially anything on wheels; a car or truck 交通工具
version - n. the ｆｒｏｍ of something with different details than earlier or later ｆｒｏｍs 版本
veto - v. to reject or refuse to approve 否决
vicious - ad. bad; dangerous; showing harm or hate 恶意的
victim - n. someone or something that is injured, killed or made to suffer; someone
who is tricked 牺牲品
violate - v. to fail to obey or honor; to break (an agreement) 违反
violence - n. the use of force to cause injury, death or damage 暴力
volcano - n. a hill or mountain around a hole in the earth's surface that can explode,
sending hot, melted rock and ash into the air 火山
vote - v. to choose a candidate in an election 选举; n. a choice or decision expressed by
the voice, by hand or by writing 选举
W
wages - n. money received for work done 工资
warn - v. to tell of possible danger; to advise or inｆｒｏｍ about something bad that
may happen 警告
wealth - n. a large amount of possessions, money or other things of value 财富
wheat - n. a grain used to make bread; the plant that produces the grain 小麦
willing - ad. being ready or having a desire to ("They are willing to talk about the
problem.") 心甘情愿的
withdraw - v. to take or move out, away or back; to remove 撤退
wonder - v. to ask oneself; to question 想知道("She wonders if it is true."); n. a feeling of
surprise 惊奇
wreck - v. to damage greatly; to destroy 毁坏 ; n. anything that has been badly damaged
or broken 毁灭
wreckage - n. what remains of something severely damaged or destroyed 残骸
accept - v. to agree to receive 接受
accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event 事故
accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement
against someone 指责
activist - n. one who seeks change through action 激进分子
administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a
president or prime minister 政府
admit - v. to accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or
responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.") 承认
adult - n. a grown person 成人
advise - v. to help with inｆｒｏｍation, knowledge or ideas in making a decision 建议
affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's
perｆｒｏｍance.") 影响
agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United
Nations") 机构
aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's
borders 侵略
agriculture - n. farming 农业
air force - n. a military organization using airplanes 空军
album - n. a collection of recorded music 歌集
alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in
industrial products 酒精
ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 联合体
ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another
government) 大使
amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law) 修正
ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns 弹药
anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness 无政府状态
ancestor - n. a family member from the past 祖先
ancient - ad. very old; long ago 远古的
anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the
past 周年
announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially 宣布
apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts
responsibility 致歉
appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on
somebody for help 上诉；呼吁
appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem 出现
appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge") 任命
approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support 赞成
archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities 考古学
argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree 争论
arms - n. military equipment; weapons 兵器
arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner 逮捕
artillery - n. big guns 炮
assist - v. to help 帮助
astronaut - n. a person who travels in space 宇航员
astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe 天文学
asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another
country 政治庇护
atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet 大气层
attach - v. to tie together; to connect 系上；连接
attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight 袭击
attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort 尝试
attend - v. to be present at 出席
automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car 汽车
average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal 平均，平常
avoid - v. to stay away from 避免
award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service 奖励
B
balance - v. to make two sides or forces equal 平衡
balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter
than air 气球
ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting 选票
ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction 禁止
bar - v. to prevent or block 禁止，阻碍
barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult 障碍
base - n. a military center 军营; v. to establish as a fact 基于 ("Her research was based on
experiments.")
battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces 战斗
beat - v. to hit again and again 击打
betray - v. to turn against; to be false to 背叛
bill - n. a legislative proposal 议案
biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their ｆｒｏｍs 生物学
blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible 责备
block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement 堵塞，阻碍
bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force 炸弹; v. to attack or destroy with
bombs 炸弹袭击
border - n. a dividing line between nations 边界
boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with 联合抵制
brief - ad. short; not long 简短的
broadcast - v. to send inｆｒｏｍation, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio
or television program 广播
brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee 褐色的
budget - n. a spending plan 预算
bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun 子弹
burst - v. to break open suddenly 爆裂
business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade 工作，商业
C
cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government 内阁
camp - n. a place with temporary housing 露营
campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from
voters; a connected series of military actions during a war 活动
cancel - v. to end; to stop 取消
cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the
body 癌症
candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 候选人
capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and
services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies 资本主义
capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get
control of 捕获
case (court) - n. a legal action 案例
case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox
at the school.") 病例
cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result 导致
ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement 停火协议
celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities 庆祝
ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition 仪式
chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group 主席
champion - n. the best; the winner 冠军
charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime 控诉; n. a statement in
which someone is accused of something 指控
chase - v. to run or go after someone or something 追逐
cheer - v. to shout approval or praise 欢呼
chemicals - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the
science of chemistry 化学物质
chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they
act under different conditions, and how they ｆｒｏｍ other substances
1. chief - n. the head or leader of a group 首领; ad. leading; most important 主要的
civilian - ad. not military 平民
civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of
a nation 公民权力
claim - v. to say something as a fact 声明
clash - n. a battle 冲突; v. to fight or oppose 发生冲突
clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization 神职人员
climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place 气候
coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel 煤
coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together 联盟
coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean 海岸
colony - n. land controlled by another country or government 殖民地
combine - v. to mix or bring together 联合，结合
command - v. to order; to have power over something 命令
comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something 评论
committee - n. a group of people given special work 委员会
communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange inｆｒｏｍation 交流，通信
community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area 社区
compare - v. to examine what is different or similar 对比
compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others 竞争
complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple 复杂的
compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept
less than first demanded 折衷
concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about") ; v. to fear ("to be
concerned") 关注，关心
condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad 遣责
condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement 条件; a person's
health 身体状况
conference - n. a meeting 会议
confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true 确定
conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one 冲突
congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck 祝贺
Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United
States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in
other countries 议会
conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change 保守派
constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that ｆｒｏｍ a nation's system of
government 宪法
contain - v. to hold; to include 包容
container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 容器
continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world 大陆
control - v. to direct; to have power over 控制
convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose 大会
cooperate - v. to act or work together 合作
court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law 法院
crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force 碰撞，坠毁
create - v. to make; to give life or ｆｒｏｍ to 创造
creature - n. any living being; any animal or human 生物
credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time 信用
crew - n. a group of people working together 全体人员
crime - n. an act that violates a law 罪行
criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime 罪犯
crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or
worse; a dangerous situation 危机
criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to
judge 批评
crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place 人群
crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely 压碎
curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses 戒严
current - n. movement of air, water or electricity 水流，电流; ad. belonging to the present time 目前的 ("She found the report in a current publication.")
custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people 习惯，风俗
customs - n. taxes on imports 入关税
D
dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water 大坝
damage - v. to cause injury or destruction 摧毁; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things 毁坏
deaf - ad. not able to hear 聋的
debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument 争论
debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing 债务
declare - v. to say; to make a statement 声明
decrease - v. to make less in size or amount 降低
defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having
lost 打败
defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect 防卫
deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or
imports are greater than exports 赤字
define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain 定义
delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late 延迟
delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another 代表
demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force 要求
democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or
to make other important decisions 民主
demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd
demonstrated in support of human rights.") 示威; to explain by using examples ("The
teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") 示范
denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely 谴责
deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request 否认
depend - v. to need help and support 依靠
deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness 表示悲痛
deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action 部署（军队）
depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic
activity during which many people lose their jobs 衰退
describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something 描述
design - v. to plan or create plans for 设计
desire - v. to want very much; to wish for 愿望
destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of 摧毁
develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress 发展
device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose 设备
dictator - n. a ruler with complete power 独裁者
diet - n. usual daily food and drink 日常饮食
diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another
government 外交官
direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way 指引 ("He directed me to the theater."); ad.
straight to something; not through some other person or thing 直接的 ("The path is
direct.")
direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came
from or went to 方向
dirt - n. earth or soil 泥土
disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist 消失
disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb
harmless by removing its exploding device 解除武装
discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas 讨论
disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria 疾病
dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider 解散
dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate 争论
dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government 不同政见者
document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or
support of something 文件
drown - v. to die under water 溺水
drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance
used to ease pain or to affect the mind 药品
dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air 灰尘
E
earn - v. to be paid in return for work done 获得
earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface 地震
ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult 减轻
ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things 环境
2. economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized 经济
edge - n. the line where something ends or begins 边缘
effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious
effect on the economy.") 效果
effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something 努力
elect - v. to choose by voting 选举
electricity - n. a ｆｒｏｍ of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light,
and power to machines 电力
embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants 大使馆
emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action 紧急情况
emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness 感情
employ - v. to give work in return for wages 雇佣
energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and
willingness to be active 能量
enforce - v. to make something be done 强制执行
engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work 引擎
engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads 工程师
environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life;
the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals 环境
equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights 对等的
equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity 设备
escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of 逃离
especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.") 特别是
establish - v. to bring into existence; to create 建立
estimate - v. to ｆｒｏｍ an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than
complete inｆｒｏｍation 估计
ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race,
religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived 种族的
evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas 蒸发
evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing 证据
evil - ad. not good; extremely bad 邪恶的
examine - v. to study closely 审视，察看
exchange - v. to trade 交易; to give or receive one thing for another 交换
execute - v. to kill 处死
exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel 驱逐; n. a person who is
forced to leave his or her country 被驱逐者
exist - v. to be; to live 存在
expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger 扩张
expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event 期望
expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away 驱逐，开除
experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition 经历("She experienced
great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through 经历("The experience
caused her great pain.")
experiment - v. to test 做实验; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or
false, or to discover something 实验
expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training 专家
explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb 爆炸
explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to
make a careful search; to examine closely 探索
export - v. to send to another country 出口; n. something sent to another country, usually
for sale 出口商品
express - v. to say clearly 表达
extend - v. to stretch out in area or length 扩展 ; to continue for a longer time 延长
extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted 极端的
extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an
extreme or violent way 极端主义者
F
fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal 失败
fair - ad. just; honest; what is right 公正
federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government 联邦的
fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much 肥沃的，多产的
fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry 猛烈的
financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit,
investments and banks 财政的
fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime 罚款; ad. very good 好的; very small or thin 细小的
fireworks - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations 鞭炮
firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.") 坚定的
fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.") 适合
fix - v. to make good or right again 修理
flee - v. to run away from 逃跑
float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or
through air 飘浮
flood - v. to cover with water 淹没; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean
onto land 水灾
flow - v. to move like a liquid 流动
fluid - n. any substance that can flow, such as a liquid 液体
forgive - v. to pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt 原谅
ｆｒｏｍer - ad. earlier in time; not now 前任的
forward - ad. the direction in front of; toward the front 向前的
freedom - n. the condition of being free 自由
freeze - v. to cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold 冰冻
fresh - ad. newly made or gathered; recent 清新的
frighten - v. to cause great fear 使惊吓
fuel - n. any substance burned to create heat or power 燃料
funeral - n. a ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead 葬礼
G
gain - v. to get possession of; to get more; to increase 获得
gas - n. any substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide
heat, light or power 气体
gather - v. to bring or come together into a group or place 集合; to collect 收集
govern - v. to control; to rule by military or political power 统治
government - n. a system of governing; the organization of people that rules a
country, city or area 政府
grain - n. the seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those
plants that produce the seeds 谷类
gray - ad. having the color like that made by mixing black and white 灰色的
grind - v. to reduce to small pieces by crushing 磨碎
guarantee - v. to promise a result; to promise that something will happen 保证
guerrilla - n. a person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an
official army or police 游击队
guilty - ad. having done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a
bad action 有罪的
H
halt - v. to come or cause to come to a stop; to stop 停止
headquarters - n. the center from which orders are given; the main offices of a
business or organization 司令部
health - n. the general condition of the body and mind; the condition of being free
from sickness or disease 健康
helicopter - n. a machine without wings that can fly up or down or remain in one
place above the ground 直升机
hijack - v. to seize or take control of a vehicle by force 绑架
holy - ad. greatly honored in religion 神圣的
honor - v. to obey; to show strong, good feelings for 尊敬 ("to honor one's parents"); n.
an award; an act of giving special recognition 尊敬("He received many honors for his
efforts to help others.")
horrible - ad. causing great fear; terrible 可怕的
hostage - n. a person captured and held as a guarantee that a demand or promise
will be honored 人质
hostile - ad. ready to fight; ready for war 敌对的
3. identify - v. to recognize someone or something and to say who or what they are 识别
illegal - ad. not legal; in violation of a law 非法的
imagine - v. to make a picture in the mind; to ｆｒｏｍ an idea 想象
import - v. to bring from another country 进口; n. something brought from another
country, usually for sale 进口商品
improve - v. to make better; to become better 提高
incident - n. an event or something that happens 事故
incite - v. to urge or cause an action or emotion, usually something bad or violent 煽动
increase - v. to make more in size or amount 增加
independent - ad. not influenced by or controlled by another or others; free;
separate 独立的
individual - n. one person 个人
industry - n. any business that produces goods or provides services; the work and
related activity in factories and offices; all organizations involved in manufacturing 工业，产业，行业
infect - v. to make sick with something that causes disease 传染
inflation - n. a continuing rise in prices while the value of money goes down 通货膨胀
influence - v. to have an effect on someone or something; to cause change 影响
inｆｒｏｍ - v. to tell; to give knowledge to 告知
inject - v. to force a fluid into, such as putting medicine or drugs into the body
through the skin 注射
injure - v. to cause harm or damage to a person or animal 伤害
innocent - ad. not guilty of a crime; not responsible for a bad action 无辜的
insane - ad. mentally sick 患精神病的
inspect - v. to look at something carefully; to examine, especially by an expert 视察
instrument - n. a tool or device designed to do something or to make something 器械
insult - v. to say something or to do something that makes another person angry or
dishonored 侮辱
intelligence - n. the ability to think or learn; inｆｒｏｍation gathered by spying 智慧
intelligent - ad. quick to understand or learn 有才智的
intense - ad. very strong; extremely serious 剧烈的
interest - n. what is important to someone 利益 ("He acted to protect his interests." "She
had a great interest in painting."); a share in owning a business; money paid for the
use of money borrowed 利息
interfere - v. to get in the way of; to work against; to take part in the activities of
others, especially when not asked to do so 干涉
intervene - v. to come between; to come between in order to settle or solve 干预，介入
invade - v. to enter an area or country by force with an army 侵略
invest - v. to give money to a business or organization with the hope of making
more money 投资
investigate - v. to study or examine all inｆｒｏｍation about an event, situation or
charge; to search for the truth 调查，研究
involve - v. to take part in; to become a part of; to include 包括
issue - n. an important problem or subject that people are discussing or arguing
about 事件
J
jail - n. a prison for those waiting to be tried for a crime or for those serving sentences
for crimes that are not serious 监狱
joint - ad. shared by two or more 共同的
jury - n. a group of people chosen to decide what is true in a trial 陪审团
just - ad. only ("Help me for just a minute."); very shortly before or after the
present ("He just left.") 刚才; at the same time 同时 ("He left just as I came in."); what is
right or fair 公正的 ("The law is just, in my opinion.")
K
kidnap - v. to seize and take away by force 绑架
knowledge - n. that which is known; learning or understanding 知识
L
labor - n. work; workers as a group 劳动力
laboratory - n. a room or place where experiments in science are done 实验室
lack - v. to be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having 缺乏
launch - v. to put into operation; to begin开办; to send into the air or space 发射
leak - v. to come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas
or liquid) 漏
legal - ad. of or in agreement with the law 合法的
legislature - n. a government lawmaking group 立法机构
liberal - ad. one who usually supports social progress or change 自由主义的
lightning - n. light produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm 闪电
link - v. to connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between
two or more things, situations or events 联系
literature - n. all the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country 文学
load - v. to put objects on or into a vehicle or container 装载. that which is carried 负荷
loan - n. money borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; 借款
local - ad. about or having to do with one place 本地的
loyal - ad. showing strong friendship and support for someone or something 忠诚的
M
majority - n. the greater number; more than half 多数
manufacture - v. to make goods in large amounts 制造
march - v. to walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to
protest about something 游行
market - n. a place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic
system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how
much money people are willing to pay for them 市场
mass - n. an amount of matter having no special ｆｒｏｍ and usually of a large size 大量事物
mate - v. to bring together a male and a female to create another creature 使配对
mathematics - n. the science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained
by numbers and signs 数学
mayor - n. the chief official of a city or town government 市长
measure - v. to learn the amount, size or distance of something 测量. an action taken 措施 a legislative proposal 议案
media - n. all public inｆｒｏｍation organizations, including newspapers, television and
radio 媒体
melt - v. to make a solid into a liquid by heating it 融化
member - n. one of a group 成员
memorial - n. something done or made to honor the memory of a person or event 纪念的
mental - ad. about or having to do with the mind 精神的
mercy - n. kindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or
to pardon 仁慈
message - n. written or spoken news or inｆｒｏｍation; a note from one person to
another person or group 消息
metal - n. a hard substance such as iron, steel or gold 金属
method - n. the way something is done 方法
microscope - n. a device used to make very small things look larger so they can be
studied 显微镜
militant - n. someone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of
force or violence 斗士
military - n. the armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces 军方
mineral - n. a substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal
or salt 矿物
minister - n. a member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister,"
"foreign minister") 部长
minor - ad. small in size; of little importance 少数的
minority - n. the smaller number; opposite majority 少数
missile - n. any weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes
when it reaches its target 导弹
missing - ad. lost; not found 遗失的
mob - n. a large group of wild or angry people 暴徒
moderate - ad. not extreme 温和的
moral - ad. concerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions 道德的
motion - n. a movement; a continuing change of position or place 运动，动作
mourn - v. to express or feel sadness 哀悼
mystery - n. something that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret 神秘事物
4. N
natural - ad. of or about nature; normal; common to its kind 自然的
navy - n. the part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea 海军
negotiate - v. to talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution 商议
neutral - ad. not supporting one side or the other in a dispute 中立的
nominate - v. to name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person
for an office or position 提名
nowhere - ad. not in, to or at any place 到处都没有
nuclear - ad. of or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them
together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms 核的
O
obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act 遵从
object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest 反对; n. something not
alive that can be seen or touched 物体
observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They
will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") 观察
occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force 占领
offensive - n. a military campaign of attack 攻击; ad. having to do with attacking 攻击性的
offer - v. to present or propose 提供; n. the act of presenting or proposing 提议; that which is presented or proposed 提供物
officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a
member of a police force 武官
official - n. a person with power in an orgaization; a representative of an
organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government
or someone in power 文官
operate - v. to do work or a job 执行; to cut into the body for medical reasons 手术
opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking 意见
oppose - v. to be against; to fight against 反对
opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from ; exactly the other way
("North is the opposite direction from south.") 相反的
oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or
power 压迫
orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object 绕轨道而行; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet 轨道
oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force 剥夺
overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force 推翻
owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received 欠
P
parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane
or helicopter to the ground 降落伞
parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special
event or anniversary 游行
parliament - n. a government lawmaking group 议会
passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country 护照
patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem 病人
peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet 和平
perｆｒｏｍ - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others 表演
permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time 永久的
permit - v. to let; to make possible 允许
physical - ad. of the body 身体的
physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy 物理
pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter 飞行员
planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") 行星
plot - v. to make secret plans密谋; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal 阴谋
poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions 诗
point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim 指向; n. the sharp end of something 尖端
policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions
in politics, economics or business 制度
politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office 政治
pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water 污染
popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public 流行的，受欢迎的
port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can
be safe from a storm 港口
position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a
job (or level of a job) in an organization 位置
possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by 拥有
postpone - v. to delay action until a later time 拖延
pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow 倾泻
praise - v. to say good things about; to approve 赞扬
pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit 祈祷
pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give
birth to a baby 怀孕的
present - v. to offer for consideration 表明 ("We will present our idea to the
committee."); n. a gift 礼物("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The
present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place 出席的 ("I was present at school
yesterday.")
press - v. to urge strongly 逼迫 ; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications 出版
pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against
something else 压力
prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening 阻止
private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public 私人的
prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one
must work hard for to get 奖项
process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result 过程
produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture 生产
profession - n. a job that requires special training 职业
profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that
activity 利润
progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal 发展
project - n. a planned effort to do something 项目
propaganda - n. ideas or inｆｒｏｍation used to influence opinions
property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods 财产
propose - v. to present or offer for consideration 建议
protest - v. to speak against; to object 抗议
prove - v. to show to be true 正式
publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine 出版物
publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a
book, newspaper or magazine 出版
pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force;
opposite push 拉
pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through 抽吸
punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal 惩罚
purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is
bought 购买
pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean 纯的
purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal 目标
push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the
force; opposite pull 推
Q
quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel
is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") 质量
R
race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest 竞赛; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color 种族
radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects
that may be too far away to be seen 雷达
radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy
from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous 辐射
raid - v. to make a sudden attack 袭击; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or
for the purpose of seizing or stealing something 突袭
realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are 现实的
5. reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to
compromise 合理的
rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey 反抗;
n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country 造反者
recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce
less and many workers lose their jobs 衰退
recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known
about or seen before 识别; to accept another nation as independent and establish
diplomatic ties with its government 承认
reｆｒｏｍ - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better
condition 改革
refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment,
danger or war 难民
reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe 反对
relations - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family;
people connected by marriage or family ties 关系
release - v. to free; to permit to go 释放; to permit to be known or made public 发布
religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods 宗教
remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same 保留
remains - n. a dead body 遗体
report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation 报道; n. the story
about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the
facts may not be confirmed 报道
represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an
example 代表
repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force 压制
request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for 要求
require - v. to need or demand as necessary 需要
rescue - v. to free from danger or evil 拯救
research - n. a careful study to discover correct inｆｒｏｍation 研究
resign - v. to leave a position, job or office 辞职
resist - v. to oppose 反对; to fight to prevent 反抗
resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually
reached by voting 决议
resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold 资源
responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the
report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") 有责任的
restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group 抑制
restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger 限制
revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government 反抗
riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place 骚乱; n. a violent action
by a large group of people 暴乱
risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury 风险
rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal 抢夺
rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning
gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a
weapon 火箭，导弹
rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing 摩擦
ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy 毁坏
rule - v. to govern or control; to decide 统治; n. a statement or an order that says how
something must be done 规则
S
sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation
("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.")
sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or
another person 牺牲
satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object
placed in orbit around the earth 卫星
satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded 使满意
security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to
protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") 安全
Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries,
such as in the United States Congress 参议院
severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage 严重的
shell - v. to fire artillery 炮轰; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and
explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover 炮弹
shelter - v. to protect or give protection to 庇护; n. something that gives protection; a
place of safety 庇护所
shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value 缩减
skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal
positions 骷髅
slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface 滑行
smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with
force 打碎
spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident 溢出
spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and
emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death 精神
split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts 分裂
spy - v. to steal or get inｆｒｏｍation secretly 侦察; n. one who watches others secretly; a
person employed by a government to get secret inｆｒｏｍation about another country 间谍
square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides 四方型
stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon 刺伤
starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food 挨饿
statue - n. a ｆｒｏｍ of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood
or metal 塑像
storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow 风暴
straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns 直接的
stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider 伸展
strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more
pay or to make other demands 罢工
structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is
ｆｒｏｍed or organized in a special way; a building 结构
struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with 挣扎; n. a great effort; a fight 奋斗
submarine - n. an underwater ship 潜艇
substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) 物质
substitute - v. to put or use in place of another替换; n. a person or thing put or used in
place of another 替换者（品）
subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government,
usually secretly 颠覆
succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result 成功
suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness 受苦
suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider 建议
supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others 监督
supply - v. to give; to provide 供给; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold
to others 供给品
support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others
and help them reach a goal; to approve 支持
suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine 假设 ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It
is supposed to rain tonight.")
suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent inｆｒｏｍation from
being known publicly 压制
surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade
surplus. It exports more than it imports.") 过剩
surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to
stop fighting and admit defeat 投降
survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation 幸存
suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal 怀疑;
n. a person believed to be guilty 嫌疑犯
suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time 延缓
swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth 吞咽
swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out
the duties of that office 宣誓就职 ("The chief justice will swear in the president.")
sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings
of sadness 同情
T
tax - n. the money a person or business must pay to the government so the
government can provide services 税
technical - ad. involving machines, processes and materials in industry
6. transportation and communications; of or about a very special kind of subject or
thing 技术的("You need technical knowledge to understand how this system works.")
technology - n. the use of scientific knowledge and methods to produce goods and
services 技术
telescope - n. a device for making objects that are far away appear closer and larger 望远镜
temporary - ad. lasting only a short time 暂时的
tense - ad. having fear or concern; dangerous; opposite calm 紧张的
territory - n. a large area of land 领地
terror - n. extreme fear; that which causes great fear 恐怖行动
terrorist - n. a person who carries out acts of extreme violence as a protest or a way
to influence a government 恐怖主义者
theory - n. a possible explanation of why something exists or how something
happens using experiments or ideas, but which is not yet proven 理论 ("Other scientists
are debating his theory about the disappearance of dinosaurs.")
threaten - v. to warn that one will do harm or cause damage 威胁
torture - v. to cause severe pain 折磨; n. the act of causing severe pain in order to harm, to punish or to get inｆｒｏｍation from 折磨，拷打
trade - v. to buy and sell or exchange products or services 交易; n. the activity of buying,
selling or exchanging products or services 贸易
tradition - n. a ceremony, activity or belief that has existed for a long time 传统
traffic - n. the movement of people, vehicles or ships along a street, road or
waterway 交通
tragic - ad. extremely sad; terrible 悲剧的
transport - v. to move goods or people from one place to another 运输
transportation - n. the act or business of moving goods or people 交通
treason - n. the act of fighting against one's own country or of helping its enemies 叛国罪
treasure - n. a large collection of money, jewels or other things of great value 财宝
treaty - n. a written agreement between two or more nations 协定
trial - n. an examination in a court of a question or dispute to decide if a charge is
true 审判
tribe - n. a group of families ruled by a common chief or leader 部族
trick - v. to cheat; to fool a person so as to get something or make him or her do
something 诡计
troops - n. a number of soldiers in a large controlled group 军队
truce - n. a temporary halt in fighting agreed to by all sides involved 休战
tube - n. a long, round structure through which liquids or gases can flow; a long,
thin container in which they can be kept 管道
U
unite - v. to join together 联合
universe - n. all of space, including planets and stars 宇宙
unless - conj. except if it happens; on condition that ("I will not go, unless the rain
stops.") 除非
urge - v. to advise strongly; to make a great effort to get someone to do something 敦促
urgent - ad. needing an immediate decision or action 紧急的
V
valley - n. a long area of land between higher areas of land 山谷
value - n. the quality of being useful, important or desired; the amount of money
that could be received if something is sold 价值
vehicle - n. anything on or in which a person or thing can travel or be transported,
especially anything on wheels; a car or truck 交通工具
version - n. the ｆｒｏｍ of something with different details than earlier or later ｆｒｏｍs 版本
veto - v. to reject or refuse to approve 否决
vicious - ad. bad; dangerous; showing harm or hate 恶意的
victim - n. someone or something that is injured, killed or made to suffer; someone
who is tricked 牺牲品
violate - v. to fail to obey or honor; to break (an agreement) 违反
violence - n. the use of force to cause injury, death or damage 暴力
volcano - n. a hill or mountain around a hole in the earth's surface that can explode,
sending hot, melted rock and ash into the air 火山
vote - v. to choose a candidate in an election 选举; n. a choice or decision expressed by
the voice, by hand or by writing 选举
W
wages - n. money received for work done 工资
warn - v. to tell of possible danger; to advise or inｆｒｏｍ about something bad that
may happen 警告
wealth - n. a large amount of possessions, money or other things of value 财富
wheat - n. a grain used to make bread; the plant that produces the grain 小麦
willing - ad. being ready or having a desire to ("They are willing to talk about the
problem.") 心甘情愿的
withdraw - v. to take or move out, away or back; to remove 撤退
wonder - v. to ask oneself; to question 想知道("She wonders if it is true."); n. a feeling of
surprise 惊奇
wreck - v. to damage greatly; to destroy 毁坏 ; n. anything that has been badly damaged
or broken 毁灭
wreckage - n. what remains of something severely damaged or destroyed 残骸
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