surprise, amaze, astonish, astound, startle, stun~同义词辨析

surprise
shock
startle
stagger
stun
  这组词都有 “吃惊”，“惊奇”、“诧异” 的意思
surprise 普通用词，指一般的 “吃惊”、“惊讶”。可用作动词和名词。
 1）It doesn’t surprise me that his parents did not allow him to marry Jane.
      他的父母不允许他与简结婚，我并不感到吃惊。
   2）I was not the least surprised at what he said.
        我对他说的一点也不感到意外。
 3）I imagined that she was quite surprised when she heard the truth.
我想她听说真相后一定很惊讶。
 4）You can imagine what a surprise he has got when we told him the news.
  你可以想象一下当我们告诉他这个消息时他有多么的吃惊。
5）We tried to keep the party a surprise for my mother but my sister let the cat out of the bag.
我们原打算来一个晚会使妈妈意想不到，但我妹妹泄露了秘密。
 shock 语气很强，指某事让人大为惊讶、震惊。可用作动词和名词。
 
1）We are shocked to learn that the manager was killed in the office last night.
听到昨晚经理在办公室被是杀的消息，我们都感到震惊。
2）He was shocked when he knew he was infected with the HIV virus.
当他知道自己染上艾滋病毒时感到很震惊。
3）The violence and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers.
节目中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多观众感到震惊。
4）Mother fainted away with the shock of the bad news.
母亲被这个坏消息惊得昏了过去
5）It gave me quite a shock to learn that he was seriously injured in the accident.
      听说他在那次事故中受了重伤，这让我十分震惊。
 
startle 指突如其来的事使人大吃一惊，吓了一跳或突然被楞住。
 1）The sudden knocking at the door startled me when I was lost in deep thought.
            我正在沉思，突如其来的敲门吓了我一跳。
2）He uttered these words with an indefinable sound which really startled the girl a bit.
他说这些话的口气有些暧昧，着现使女孩吓吃惊不少。
3）The parents were startled at their daughter’s decision that she would marry the man with notorious fame.
 父母对女儿要嫁给这个人名声浪藉的男子的决定大为惊诧。
 4）Her article on diet startled many people into changing their eating habits.
她写的关于饮食文章让许多人惊恐以致的改变了他们的饮食习惯。
stagger 指某事使人感到吃惊并使人感到不安和担忧。
 1）He was staggered at the news that the company would soon go bankrupt because of financial
       difficulties.
公司因经济困难将很快破产，听到这个消息他很吃惊。
2）The rapid increase of juvenile delinquency have staggered many educators and social workers.
少年犯罪的迅速增长的让许多教育学家和社会工作者震惊。
3）The parents was staggered at the diagosis that their daughter suffered from leukemia.
父母听到女儿确诊患有白血病的消息惊恐不安。
stun “惊呆”，指过于震惊以至目瞪口呆，不知所措。
1）She was so stunned that she couldn't speak.
她惊愕得说不出话来。
2）The audience were stunned at the scene that their beloved player was miserablly killed
       in the motor race.
 看到他们心爱的车手惨死于比赛的情景，观众们都惊呆了。
 3）The manager’ sudden rage over the matter stunned the employees in the office
经理在这件事上突然大发雷霆使办公室得员工感到惊骇。
 4）We were all staggered by the news of the manager’s death in a plane clash.
    经理在飞机失事中死亡的消息令我们非常震惊。
alarm
amaze
astonish
astound
appall
 
alarm “惊慌”，“惊恐”，指对可能产生危险的事感到担心或恐慌。alarm也
   可用作名词。
 1）Everyone was alarmed at the news many miners were trapped in the mining well.
许多矿工被困在矿井，听到这个消息每个人非常惊恐。
2）The news that war might break out alarmed the people.
战争可能爆发的消息使人们惊恐不安。
3）Small earthquakes are so common here that people don't feel very alarmed at them.
这个地方小地震很常见，大家对地震都不感到惊慌。
4）The rapid spread of the disease is alarming the medical authorities.
这种疾病的迅速蔓延使医疗当局感到忧虑不安。
5）A fire broke out in our school, and it caused much alarm.
我们学校突然失了火，这使大家非常惊恐。
 6）She was sad, but no longer showed alarm in her countenance.
她很伤心，但神色不再惊慌。
amaze “惊异”、“惊奇”， 语气比surprise强，尤指对不太可能事的发生感到惊
   讶，其名词是 amazement。
  1）The teacher was amazed to find that the poor pupil had achieved the maximum marks in the
       final examinations.
老师惊讶地发现那个可怜的学生在期终考试取得了最高分。
2） Modern magicians use high-tech tools to create wonderful illusions to amaze the audience.
现代魔术师借助高科技手段营造视觉效果以达到让观众惊奇的目的。
3）I saw your art show last night, and I must let you know how amazed I was by your incredible
      accomplishments.
我昨天参观了你的美术展。 我一定要告诉你我对你的卓越成就感到多么惊讶。
 4）We were amazed at the ingenuity with which they solved their difficulties.
他们在解决困难中所表现的智慧使我们惊叹
5）The terrible scene frightened him out of his sense, standing there in amazement.
      他被那可怕的场景吓丢了魂，木呆地站在那儿。
 6）To our great amazement, China boasts a tqo-decade persistent economic growth, which is
              unequalled elsewhere in the world.
令人惊讶的是，二十年来，中国经济强劲持续增长，没有哪一个国家可以与之比美
astonish “惊异”、“惊奇”，指对难以置信的事的发生感到惊讶，其名词是
    astonishment。
 
1）She astounished verybody by announcing her engagement.
她宣布自己订婚了，让大家非常吃惊。
2）Many foreigners are astonished at the remarkable achievements in the economic field of
     our country in recent decade.
许多外国人对我国近十年在经济领域所取得的巨大成就感到惊讶。
3）It's astonishing that he's learned Latin in three months!
真是令人吃惊，他竟然只用三个月就学会了拉丁语。
4）If a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may astonish himself as well
      as others by his ability.
如果一个人怀着决心和目的去干事，他的能力可能会让自己和他人都感到震惊。
5）She could hardly conceal ther astonisment when she learned the true fact of the matter.
当她了解了这件事的事实真相，她几乎无法隐藏她的惊骇。
6）I was filled with astonishment at her strange behaviors.
我对她的奇怪举动不胜惊异。
astound “使惊骇”、“使震惊”， 语气比 astonish 更强，指由于事情令人
难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊，其惊讶程度很强。
1）She was astounded to learn that her best friend spread malicious gossips about her.
她吃惊地发现她最好的朋友在散布对她恶毒的流言。
2）People who have never tried this are astounded by the enormous effect it often has.
从未对其尝试的人对其所产生的显著效果感到惊奇。
3）His vast knowledge base and endless energy continually managed to astound me.
他的知识之广和精力之充沛时常让我惊异不已。
4）The varied colours of the reef's fish and other marine life will astound the visitor with wonderful
      colour combinations that artists haven't even dreamed of.
不同颜色的礁石鱼类和其他海洋生物令游客惊叹不已，其颜色组合之美妙甚至连艺术家都想象
       不到.
 
appall “惊骇”，不但指惊讶而且带有恐惧可怕之意。
 
1）The passengers were rather appalled to see that their ship was about to go under.
             乘客们看到他们的船快要沉了都惊骇不已。
  2）The new edition of “Hamlet” will appal some people for being so resoluytel unclassical.
新版《哈姆雷特》如此违背经典，确实惊世骇俗。
3）But if the Chinese disdain the cheeses enjoyed by Europeans, they themselves adore some
      stinky foods that would appal many foreigners.
虽然中国人厌恶欧洲人喜欢的奶酪，但他们自己却推崇一些臭到让外国人感到的食物。
4）The sights which met his eye in the gloom of that awful night were enough to appal the
      stoutest heart.
在那个可怕的夜晚黑暗中看到的这些场面足以令最坚强的人胆寒。