孫文啟蒙地、值得注意 - 古德明
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問:香港大學孫文像旁有石刻說:Hong Kong and the University of Hong Kong were the birthplace of my knowledge(香港和香港大學,實我啟蒙之地)。這一句的動詞是複數were,其後名詞為什麼不是複數birthplaces?
答:「複數主詞(subject) +複數連繫動詞(link verb)were、have been或are」之後,用單數名詞,十分常見,一般表示那些主詞合成的一件事物,例如:(1)Tolerance and honest communication are a good recipe for a happy marriage(容忍以及坦誠相告心事,是幸福婚姻的良方)。(2)The many rumours about him are a big lie(那許多針對他的謠言,無非一個彌天大謊)。一個人或一件事物,通常只有一個「出生地」(birthplace),所以孫文像旁石刻那一句,把Hong Kong和the University of Hong Kong合稱為一個birthplace。
必須附帶一提的,是「單數主詞+單數連繫動詞was、has been或is」之後,也可用複數名詞,例如:(1)The major obstacle to their getting married was their parents(他們結婚的最大障礙,就是他們的父母)。(2)The cause of the famine was the locusts(蝗蟲是這場饑荒的成因)。
問:The development in Ukraine deserves our attention / is worth our attention(烏克蘭局勢,值得注意)這一句,那個選擇正確?
答:兩個說法都正確,意思也沒有分別,但to deserve attention是較常見的說法。從前,Ukraine之前須冠以the字,指烏克蘭地區;今天,Ukraine成為國名,那the字就給刪去。