Dieter Rams迪特·拉姆斯的简约耐久设计
在慕尼黑参加 TEI（可触交互会议）的最后一天，和Hiroshi Ishii教授及朋友们从会场出来，突然看到街角，Dieter Rams的展览，可惜已经关门了。德国设计师辈出，随意走在路上都有惊喜。Hiroshi隔着玻璃一阵猛拍，连说：”这是苹果的爷爷啊！”正好最近在研究可持续的情感设计，整理一下大师的创作之路。
迪特·拉姆斯 Dieter Rams（1932-）德国设计大师，功能主义最重要的代表人物之一。为德国著名家用电器厂商博朗设计的经典产品凭借超群的品质和优雅的功能成为家用电器的标杆，也被认为是苹果设计的祖父。
“拿掉诗意的东西”、“少，却更好”（Less, but better）
Dieter Rams一生致力于设计开发好用的产品。这些产品非常实用，而且细节经过周密考虑。同样重要的是他对简约的执着追求。每件产品，无论是一把牙刷还是HI-FI音响，他都力求去除不相关的元素，而保留属于事物最本质的东西。正像他说的“拿掉诗意的东西”。
“道德的设计，耐久的设计”
“耐久设计”这个概念数年前就出现了。拉姆斯自始至终都坚持把这一概念贯穿到他所有的设计中去。他提倡设计要去除日益增长的所谓“视觉污染”和“肤浅的垃圾文化”。Vitsoe的总监Mark Adams也支持拉姆斯“耐久设计”的设计哲学。他也坚决反对不合理的低劣设计所带来的污染和浪费：“半个世纪以来，我们越来越认识到：我们必须认识到用少而耐久的物品可以过更理想的生活 。”
优秀的设计一定是道德的设计，优秀的设计也一定是耐久的设计，然而优秀的设计也需要好的策略来支持。拉姆斯认为：只有具备以下条件才能通过设计创造出品质优秀的产品——跟制造商和用户保持良好的沟通与合作；设计能被大多数的民众所接受和理解。“产品文化的危机迫使我们不得不接受新的设计价值观：设计的价值必须由其在市场的表现来评价。”
设计十准则
好的设计是创新的 Good design is innovative.
好的设计创造好用的产品 Good design makes a product useful.
好的设计是符合审美的 Good design is aesthetic.
好的设计帮助我们理解产品 Good design helps us to understand a product.
好的设计是含蓄的 Good design is unobtrusive
好的设计是坦诚的 Good design is honest.
好的设计是耐用的 Good design is durable.
好的设计由最终的细节决定 Good design is consequent to the last detail.
好的设计关注环境 Good design is concerned with the environment.
好的设计是“没有”设计 Good design is as little design as possible.
富有创新性（innovative） – 创新的机会总是存在，科技进步总是为创新设计提供新机会。两者总是一前一后。
让产品有用（Makes a product useful） – 产品必须有用，需要满足一定标准，这些标准不仅包括功能，而且还包括心理学和美学标准。好的设计不考虑任何背离产品的东西，强调产品的有用性。
能带来美感（aesthetic） – 产品的美学特点与其有用性是统一的整体，因为你每天都要用到产品，它们会影响到你的幸福，只有好的东西才能称之为美。
能解释产品（Makes a product understandable） – 好的设计能阐明产品的结构。如果能让用户通过直觉了解产品的功能，那会更好。最好的设计是让产品不言自明。
不张扬（ unobtrusive） – 能实现某个目的的产品就像工具一样，既不是摆设，也不是艺术作品。因此设计应该是中立、有限度的，给用户预留表达空间。
忠于产品（honest） – 好的设计并不会改变产品自有的创新性、力量和价值，不会给用户开空头支票。
持久（long-lasting） – 好的设计会避免看上去那么时髦，因此永远也不会看上去过时。即便是在现今的用完就扔的社会里也会存在很多年。
关注每一个细节（Is thorough down to the last detail） – 好的设计不能有任何随意性。在设计过程中的用心和精确可以表现出对消费者的尊重。
环保（environmentally friendly） – 好的设计需要对环保做出重要贡献，应该能够在产品的生命周期内节省资源，减少物理和视觉污染。
越少越好（Is as little design as possible） – 更少，但更好。因为好的设计专注于核心方面，产品没有非核心元素带来的负担。好的设计纯粹、简单。
原文：
Rams introduced the idea of sustainable development and of obsolescence being a crime in design in the 1970s.Accordingly he asked himself the question: is my design good design? The answer formed his now celebrated ten principles.
Good design:
Is innovative – The possibilities for progression are not, by any means, exhausted. Technological development is always offering new opportunities for original designs. But imaginative design always develops in tandem with improving technology, and can never be an end in itself.
Makes a product useful – A product is bought to be used. It has to satisfy not only functional, but also psychological and aesthetic criteria. Good design emphasizes the usefulness of a product whilst disregarding anything that could detract from it.
Is aesthetic – The aesthetic quality of a product is integral to its usefulness because products are used every day and have an effect on people and their well-being. Only well-executed objects can be beautiful.
Makes a product understandable – It clarifies the product’s structure. Better still, it can make the product clearly express its function by making use of the user’s intuition. At best, it is self-explanatory.
Is unobtrusive – Products fulfilling a purpose are like tools. They are neither decorative objects nor works of art. Their design should therefore be both neutral and restrained, to leave room for the user’s self-expression.
Is honest – It does not make a product appear more innovative, powerful or valuable than it really is. It does not attempt to manipulate the consumer with promises that cannot be kept.
Is long-lasting - It avoids being fashionable and therefore never appears antiquated. Unlike fashionable design, it lasts many years – even in today’s throwaway society.
Is thorough down to the last detail – Nothing must be arbitrary or left to chance. Care and accuracy in the design process show respect towards the consumer.
Is environmentally friendly - Design makes an important contribution to the preservation of the environment. It conserves resources and minimizes physical and visual pollution throughout the lifecycle of the product.
Is as little design as possible - Less, but better – because it concentrates on the essential aspects, and the products are not burdened with non-essentials. Back to purity, back to simplicity.
详细介绍及作品：
https://www.vitsoe.com/gb/about/good-design#
http://houshidai.com/master/dieter-rams.html
原文链接：http://www.zhu-bin.com/?p=535
迪特·拉姆斯 Dieter Rams（1932-）德国设计大师，功能主义最重要的代表人物之一。为德国著名家用电器厂商博朗设计的经典产品凭借超群的品质和优雅的功能成为家用电器的标杆，也被认为是苹果设计的祖父。
“拿掉诗意的东西”、“少，却更好”（Less, but better）
Dieter Rams一生致力于设计开发好用的产品。这些产品非常实用，而且细节经过周密考虑。同样重要的是他对简约的执着追求。每件产品，无论是一把牙刷还是HI-FI音响，他都力求去除不相关的元素，而保留属于事物最本质的东西。正像他说的“拿掉诗意的东西”。
“道德的设计，耐久的设计”
“耐久设计”这个概念数年前就出现了。拉姆斯自始至终都坚持把这一概念贯穿到他所有的设计中去。他提倡设计要去除日益增长的所谓“视觉污染”和“肤浅的垃圾文化”。Vitsoe的总监Mark Adams也支持拉姆斯“耐久设计”的设计哲学。他也坚决反对不合理的低劣设计所带来的污染和浪费：“半个世纪以来，我们越来越认识到：我们必须认识到用少而耐久的物品可以过更理想的生活 。”
优秀的设计一定是道德的设计，优秀的设计也一定是耐久的设计，然而优秀的设计也需要好的策略来支持。拉姆斯认为：只有具备以下条件才能通过设计创造出品质优秀的产品——跟制造商和用户保持良好的沟通与合作；设计能被大多数的民众所接受和理解。“产品文化的危机迫使我们不得不接受新的设计价值观：设计的价值必须由其在市场的表现来评价。”
设计十准则
好的设计是创新的 Good design is innovative.
好的设计创造好用的产品 Good design makes a product useful.
好的设计是符合审美的 Good design is aesthetic.
好的设计帮助我们理解产品 Good design helps us to understand a product.
好的设计是含蓄的 Good design is unobtrusive
好的设计是坦诚的 Good design is honest.
好的设计是耐用的 Good design is durable.
好的设计由最终的细节决定 Good design is consequent to the last detail.
好的设计关注环境 Good design is concerned with the environment.
好的设计是“没有”设计 Good design is as little design as possible.
富有创新性（innovative） – 创新的机会总是存在，科技进步总是为创新设计提供新机会。两者总是一前一后。
让产品有用（Makes a product useful） – 产品必须有用，需要满足一定标准，这些标准不仅包括功能，而且还包括心理学和美学标准。好的设计不考虑任何背离产品的东西，强调产品的有用性。
能带来美感（aesthetic） – 产品的美学特点与其有用性是统一的整体，因为你每天都要用到产品，它们会影响到你的幸福，只有好的东西才能称之为美。
能解释产品（Makes a product understandable） – 好的设计能阐明产品的结构。如果能让用户通过直觉了解产品的功能，那会更好。最好的设计是让产品不言自明。
不张扬（ unobtrusive） – 能实现某个目的的产品就像工具一样，既不是摆设，也不是艺术作品。因此设计应该是中立、有限度的，给用户预留表达空间。
忠于产品（honest） – 好的设计并不会改变产品自有的创新性、力量和价值，不会给用户开空头支票。
持久（long-lasting） – 好的设计会避免看上去那么时髦，因此永远也不会看上去过时。即便是在现今的用完就扔的社会里也会存在很多年。
关注每一个细节（Is thorough down to the last detail） – 好的设计不能有任何随意性。在设计过程中的用心和精确可以表现出对消费者的尊重。
环保（environmentally friendly） – 好的设计需要对环保做出重要贡献，应该能够在产品的生命周期内节省资源，减少物理和视觉污染。
越少越好（Is as little design as possible） – 更少，但更好。因为好的设计专注于核心方面，产品没有非核心元素带来的负担。好的设计纯粹、简单。
原文：
Rams introduced the idea of sustainable development and of obsolescence being a crime in design in the 1970s.Accordingly he asked himself the question: is my design good design? The answer formed his now celebrated ten principles.
Good design:
Is innovative – The possibilities for progression are not, by any means, exhausted. Technological development is always offering new opportunities for original designs. But imaginative design always develops in tandem with improving technology, and can never be an end in itself.
Makes a product useful – A product is bought to be used. It has to satisfy not only functional, but also psychological and aesthetic criteria. Good design emphasizes the usefulness of a product whilst disregarding anything that could detract from it.
Is aesthetic – The aesthetic quality of a product is integral to its usefulness because products are used every day and have an effect on people and their well-being. Only well-executed objects can be beautiful.
Makes a product understandable – It clarifies the product’s structure. Better still, it can make the product clearly express its function by making use of the user’s intuition. At best, it is self-explanatory.
Is unobtrusive – Products fulfilling a purpose are like tools. They are neither decorative objects nor works of art. Their design should therefore be both neutral and restrained, to leave room for the user’s self-expression.
Is honest – It does not make a product appear more innovative, powerful or valuable than it really is. It does not attempt to manipulate the consumer with promises that cannot be kept.
Is long-lasting - It avoids being fashionable and therefore never appears antiquated. Unlike fashionable design, it lasts many years – even in today’s throwaway society.
Is thorough down to the last detail – Nothing must be arbitrary or left to chance. Care and accuracy in the design process show respect towards the consumer.
Is environmentally friendly - Design makes an important contribution to the preservation of the environment. It conserves resources and minimizes physical and visual pollution throughout the lifecycle of the product.
Is as little design as possible - Less, but better – because it concentrates on the essential aspects, and the products are not burdened with non-essentials. Back to purity, back to simplicity.
详细介绍及作品：
https://www.vitsoe.com/gb/about/good-design#
http://houshidai.com/master/dieter-rams.html
原文链接：http://www.zhu-bin.com/?p=535
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