租来的车遭刮蹭，顺便学习一下美国的保险 （大部分转载）
近期，越来越多的朋友从国内或北美以外的地区赴美国旅游，租车自驾已被大多数人作为首选游览方式，关于保险一事，也是租车总费用中占较大比重的。由于在美国长期生活工作的各位有的是自己有私家车，私家车的保险会涵盖部分租车保险，有的是有美国当地发行的可含部分租车险的信用卡，欧洲的各长老也有可能因为有在欧洲申请的信用卡而享受在美国租车部分保险的减免。情况不一而足，本文暂以从国内出发，无信用卡减免保险的朋友为例，谈谈在美国租车时保险种类及选择。
在租车公司网站上一般有下述险种供选择：
一.Collision Damage Waiver (CDW) 或者Loss Damage Waiver (LDW)。以下以CDW为代表。
依不同州或公司，该险种由10美元至20几美元每天不等。
上了这个险种，如果租车人把租来的车给损坏了，无论是碰撞、车祸、或者是失窃，无需你赔付。
选择这个险种要注意的是：有的租车公司还会有一定的Deduction，就是车出险后，只有一部分数额的费用是由保险公司承担，超出部分由租车人承担。这种CDW只能称为“小CDW”，这种租车公司往往还会提供名为FULL-CDW的险种供选择。也就是说，你选了“小CDW”，出险后你可能要承担一部分，而上了FULL CDW，产生碰撞、车祸、或者是失窃等与车有关的问题，你不用承担任何费用。至于选择FULL CDW还是“小CDW”，还要根据个人驾驶技术，路线的难易程度来确定。
选择建议：由于美国人工费昂贵，稍有事故几百美元甚至上千美元都是有可能的。此项还是上到无须承担任何费用为好。
二。第三方责任保险（Liability）.
依不同州或公司，该险种一般在10-20美元每天
上了该险种，租车人开着租来的车，出了事故，造成了租车人和租车公司以外的第三方人身或者财产损失，这个保险就可以替租车人负担这种损失的全部或一部分。只负担一部分是指：不同州法律不同，有些公司车租金里只含基本的第三方责任保险，出险后，保险公司只支付某一固定数额，如造成第三者的损失很大，超出部分要由租车人承担。换句话说，这是一种有限额的赔偿。所以租车公司还相应提供名为Supplemental Liability Insurance ("SLI")或Additional Liability Insurance("ALI")的附加险，来提高保险公司负担的数额，相应减少你的风险。
选择建议：确认车公司是否在资金中含基本的第三方责任保险，这部分保险就是自费也要上。至于SLI或ALI，个人根据具体情况自行确定。
三.个人险
Personal Accident Insurance ("PAI") 和 Personal Effects Insurance (“PEI”)
不少公司把这两种合为Personal Protection Plan("PPP"),每天在10美元以下。
1.PAI：上该险，保险公司给驾车者及乘客在因车祸产生的死亡，致伤，救护车的费用
以AVIS为例：下列情况陪付给司机及乘客的费用分别为
死亡：175,000美元
医疗：2，500美元
救护车：250美元
2.PEI：上该险，保险公司给驾车者及其家人租车其间车内财物遗失赔付。一般限额1，500美元。
上述PAI和PEI在很多公司是以PACKAGE供租车人购买。还以AVIS为例，有些公司还提供PAI PLUS供选择，也就是说，再多上这个险种，可将死亡陪付金由175，000美元提高至250.000美元。
如果个人在本地的保险包括在境外自驾出险的赔付，可考虑不上PAI，至于PEI，自己注意些，贵重物品随身带，也可不上。
综合上述，保险选择的总则是：花钱买保障。
既不要贪图省钱或抱侥幸心理而舍弃一些重要险种，也切莫因为上了全险而有恃无恐，不注意交通安全
___________________________________________________________________________
基本保险名词解释：
※ 损失与损害责任豁免 (Loss Damage Waiver, LDW)
租赁过程中，车辆如果发生损失和损坏，通常签约者（驾驶者）需要支付全额修理
费用。购买 LDW后，可以部分或全部免除这些费用。
损失与损害责任豁免不是保险。在签约者（驾驶者）或其他授权驾驶人员发生下列
行为时，不能使用豁免。① 违反租赁合同的条款；② 因为不能拔出或固定钥匙，
不能关闭或锁上所有的门窗和车厢，车辆被盗或是遭到损坏；③在受损后，没有立
即通知公司或警察；④ 不能支付合同下的租赁费用； ⑤ 国家法律规定。
※ 个人保护计划 (Personal Protection Plan, PPP)
在车辆租赁期间，如果因事故发生死亡或受伤的情况，个人保护计划为签约者（驾驶者）
和搭乘者提供下面赔偿。如果签约者（驾驶者）在租赁开始时就购买个人保护计划，则
签约者（驾驶者）将得到全天事故保护，即无论在事故发生时间其是否在车子内都将获
得相应赔偿。搭乘者仅在乘坐时发生的事故才能得到保护。个人保护计划包括对个人意
外险和所持物品失盗险两部分。
※个人意外险 Personal Accident Insurance (PAI)
因事故发生死亡或受伤时，个人意外险支付由此产生的医疗费用，以及紧急救护车费
用。赔偿人员包括签约者（驾驶者），租赁汽车的全体搭乘者。每起事故的赔偿最高
金额为$150,000
美国（含夏威夷）赔偿金额
加拿大赔偿金额
赔偿内容
签约者
搭乘者
签约者
搭乘者
死亡
$100,000
$10,000
$100,000
$10,000
医疗费
$1,000
$1,000
—
—
紧急救护车费
$250
$250
—
—
※ 所持物品失盗险 Personal Effects Protection (PEP)
租赁过程中，车内相关物品（现金和有价证卷除外）因失盗发生损失时的保险。
保险对象只限于签约者及其直接家庭成员。每个人的最高赔偿金额为$650,每
起事故的最高赔偿金额为$1,950。
※ 第三责任保险 (Supplement Liability Insurance, SLI)
租赁期间发生事故后，此保险提供的赔偿金额最高可达到100万美元（包括人和
物 的赔偿），赔偿对象包括签约者（驾驶者）和其他授权驾驶者。美国法律规
定所有 驾驶汽车者必须购买此保险，否则违法。
※ 加強型第三責任險Liability Insurance Supplement(LIS)：
假如發生意外，LIS提供單一事件最高額賠償額可達US$1,000,000-之理賠，包括身體及財產之損傷。LIS並包含第三責任任險。
※ 未投保或未足额投保的驾驶员保护 (Uninsured and Underinsured Motorist Protection, UMP)
在租赁期间，UMP为签约者（驾驶者），其他授权驾驶者和其他乘客提供高赔
偿金额为100万美元的保护。
_____________________________________________________________________
If you’re like me, you don’t rent cars very much outside of work. But when I do, I’m always of mixed emotion when it comes down to the inevitable question: Do you want to buy the Loss Damage Waiver (LDW)? It costs around $20/day, but it basically absolves you of any liability if the car becomes dented, breaks down, gets scratched, blown up, or whatever.
Your Existing Car Insurance Might Extend To Rental Cars
This is the most basic thing to know, but according to a survey by Progressive only about 25% of people bother to ask. Find out if your own insurance will act as your primary rental car insurance! My policy with State Farm does extended to the occasional rental car, but the deductible still applies.
But That Might Not Help…
I have high insurance deductibles, and I’m not worried about a full-on accident. I’m more worried about scratches and dents. If it was my own car, I’d never care about a dented bumper. But a rental car company can charge me $500+ for a new bumper, and also $75 a day that the car is unavailable for rental while they fix it (“loss-of-use” fees). Or they might just charge me $100 for a scratch because they want to squeeze every penny out of me… 2 months after I return the car.
In addition, your own auto insurance may cover collision (damage to the vehicle), but not other things like those “loss-of-use” or other administrative fees. Finally, making a claim on your insurance may jack up your future rates, which is partially why my deductibles are so high in the first place.
Credit Card Secondary Coverage To The Rescue?
The next layer of protection to consider is that offered by your credit card company. All of the biggies – Visa, MasterCard, American Express, and Discover offer some sort of coverage. According a review of the policies done on Wikipedia:
The main difference among the four credit card companies listed below is that MasterCard and Amex cover collisions, theft, vandalism and weather; Visa covers collisions and theft, but omits vandalism and weather; while Discover covers only collisions. However MasterCard is not useful in areas with dirt or gravel roads [paved roads only].
However, details can still vary depending on the specific type (Classic, Gold, Platinum, etc.). Look for specific wording in the paperwork that they mail you with the tiny print on amazingly thin paper. Here’s an excerpt from MasterCard coverage:
MasterRental will pay for covered damages on a secondary basis for which you are, or any other authorized driver is, legally responsible to the rental agency.
Covered damages include:
–Physical damage to and theft of the vehicle, not to exceed the limits outlined below.
- Reasonable loss-of-use charges imposed by the vehicle rental company for the period of time the rental vehicle is out of service. Loss-of-use charges must be substantiated by a location- and class-specific fleet utilization log.
- Reasonable towing charges to the nearest factory-authorized collision repair facility.
If you have, or an authorized driver’s primary automobile insurance or other indemnity has, made payments for a covered loss, MasterRental will cover your deductible and any other eligible amounts not covered by other insurance.
Secondary insurance means that they will cover what your primary insurance doesn’t. Together, this seems like a pretty solid combination. Of course, I’ve never made a claim through any of these card companies so I have no idea how easy they are to deal with. (Anyone have stories?)
An Immature Reason To Buy The LDW
I couldn’t find the clip online, but I remember a stand-up act by Jeff Foxworthy or somebody about rental car insurance that went something like this…. “You mean for 15 bucks I can drive this car like a maniac? Heck yeah I want that insurance! Time to grab some airtime!” I must say that the only time I’ve ever been in a car that did a doughnut in a empty parking lot…. that was a rental car. Of course I don’t drive like that. However, I will admit that have tested to 0-60 times of a few of my rental cars. Too bad in a Chevy Aveo that’s about 38 seconds downhill…
In the end, I have gone both ways depending on my mood. I have bought the waivers on short rentals because I just didn’t want to deal with any potential hassles. Most times, I have refused. I am making another rental later this week, so that’s why I’m pondering this…
最后是处理结果，买了保险确实包括刮蹭撞损，一分钱没掏，但如果是刮了别人却要赔偿，除非每天再交$13。吓得练车的人半死～
在租车公司网站上一般有下述险种供选择：
一.Collision Damage Waiver (CDW) 或者Loss Damage Waiver (LDW)。以下以CDW为代表。
依不同州或公司，该险种由10美元至20几美元每天不等。
上了这个险种，如果租车人把租来的车给损坏了，无论是碰撞、车祸、或者是失窃，无需你赔付。
选择这个险种要注意的是：有的租车公司还会有一定的Deduction，就是车出险后，只有一部分数额的费用是由保险公司承担，超出部分由租车人承担。这种CDW只能称为“小CDW”，这种租车公司往往还会提供名为FULL-CDW的险种供选择。也就是说，你选了“小CDW”，出险后你可能要承担一部分，而上了FULL CDW，产生碰撞、车祸、或者是失窃等与车有关的问题，你不用承担任何费用。至于选择FULL CDW还是“小CDW”，还要根据个人驾驶技术，路线的难易程度来确定。
选择建议：由于美国人工费昂贵，稍有事故几百美元甚至上千美元都是有可能的。此项还是上到无须承担任何费用为好。
二。第三方责任保险（Liability）.
依不同州或公司，该险种一般在10-20美元每天
上了该险种，租车人开着租来的车，出了事故，造成了租车人和租车公司以外的第三方人身或者财产损失，这个保险就可以替租车人负担这种损失的全部或一部分。只负担一部分是指：不同州法律不同，有些公司车租金里只含基本的第三方责任保险，出险后，保险公司只支付某一固定数额，如造成第三者的损失很大，超出部分要由租车人承担。换句话说，这是一种有限额的赔偿。所以租车公司还相应提供名为Supplemental Liability Insurance ("SLI")或Additional Liability Insurance("ALI")的附加险，来提高保险公司负担的数额，相应减少你的风险。
选择建议：确认车公司是否在资金中含基本的第三方责任保险，这部分保险就是自费也要上。至于SLI或ALI，个人根据具体情况自行确定。
三.个人险
Personal Accident Insurance ("PAI") 和 Personal Effects Insurance (“PEI”)
不少公司把这两种合为Personal Protection Plan("PPP"),每天在10美元以下。
1.PAI：上该险，保险公司给驾车者及乘客在因车祸产生的死亡，致伤，救护车的费用
以AVIS为例：下列情况陪付给司机及乘客的费用分别为
死亡：175,000美元
医疗：2，500美元
救护车：250美元
2.PEI：上该险，保险公司给驾车者及其家人租车其间车内财物遗失赔付。一般限额1，500美元。
上述PAI和PEI在很多公司是以PACKAGE供租车人购买。还以AVIS为例，有些公司还提供PAI PLUS供选择，也就是说，再多上这个险种，可将死亡陪付金由175，000美元提高至250.000美元。
如果个人在本地的保险包括在境外自驾出险的赔付，可考虑不上PAI，至于PEI，自己注意些，贵重物品随身带，也可不上。
综合上述，保险选择的总则是：花钱买保障。
既不要贪图省钱或抱侥幸心理而舍弃一些重要险种，也切莫因为上了全险而有恃无恐，不注意交通安全
___________________________________________________________________________
基本保险名词解释：
※ 损失与损害责任豁免 (Loss Damage Waiver, LDW)
租赁过程中，车辆如果发生损失和损坏，通常签约者（驾驶者）需要支付全额修理
费用。购买 LDW后，可以部分或全部免除这些费用。
损失与损害责任豁免不是保险。在签约者（驾驶者）或其他授权驾驶人员发生下列
行为时，不能使用豁免。① 违反租赁合同的条款；② 因为不能拔出或固定钥匙，
不能关闭或锁上所有的门窗和车厢，车辆被盗或是遭到损坏；③在受损后，没有立
即通知公司或警察；④ 不能支付合同下的租赁费用； ⑤ 国家法律规定。
※ 个人保护计划 (Personal Protection Plan, PPP)
在车辆租赁期间，如果因事故发生死亡或受伤的情况，个人保护计划为签约者（驾驶者）
和搭乘者提供下面赔偿。如果签约者（驾驶者）在租赁开始时就购买个人保护计划，则
签约者（驾驶者）将得到全天事故保护，即无论在事故发生时间其是否在车子内都将获
得相应赔偿。搭乘者仅在乘坐时发生的事故才能得到保护。个人保护计划包括对个人意
外险和所持物品失盗险两部分。
※个人意外险 Personal Accident Insurance (PAI)
因事故发生死亡或受伤时，个人意外险支付由此产生的医疗费用，以及紧急救护车费
用。赔偿人员包括签约者（驾驶者），租赁汽车的全体搭乘者。每起事故的赔偿最高
金额为$150,000
美国（含夏威夷）赔偿金额
加拿大赔偿金额
赔偿内容
签约者
搭乘者
签约者
搭乘者
死亡
$100,000
$10,000
$100,000
$10,000
医疗费
$1,000
$1,000
—
—
紧急救护车费
$250
$250
—
—
※ 所持物品失盗险 Personal Effects Protection (PEP)
租赁过程中，车内相关物品（现金和有价证卷除外）因失盗发生损失时的保险。
保险对象只限于签约者及其直接家庭成员。每个人的最高赔偿金额为$650,每
起事故的最高赔偿金额为$1,950。
※ 第三责任保险 (Supplement Liability Insurance, SLI)
租赁期间发生事故后，此保险提供的赔偿金额最高可达到100万美元（包括人和
物 的赔偿），赔偿对象包括签约者（驾驶者）和其他授权驾驶者。美国法律规
定所有 驾驶汽车者必须购买此保险，否则违法。
※ 加強型第三責任險Liability Insurance Supplement(LIS)：
假如發生意外，LIS提供單一事件最高額賠償額可達US$1,000,000-之理賠，包括身體及財產之損傷。LIS並包含第三責任任險。
※ 未投保或未足额投保的驾驶员保护 (Uninsured and Underinsured Motorist Protection, UMP)
在租赁期间，UMP为签约者（驾驶者），其他授权驾驶者和其他乘客提供高赔
偿金额为100万美元的保护。
_____________________________________________________________________
If you’re like me, you don’t rent cars very much outside of work. But when I do, I’m always of mixed emotion when it comes down to the inevitable question: Do you want to buy the Loss Damage Waiver (LDW)? It costs around $20/day, but it basically absolves you of any liability if the car becomes dented, breaks down, gets scratched, blown up, or whatever.
Your Existing Car Insurance Might Extend To Rental Cars
This is the most basic thing to know, but according to a survey by Progressive only about 25% of people bother to ask. Find out if your own insurance will act as your primary rental car insurance! My policy with State Farm does extended to the occasional rental car, but the deductible still applies.
But That Might Not Help…
I have high insurance deductibles, and I’m not worried about a full-on accident. I’m more worried about scratches and dents. If it was my own car, I’d never care about a dented bumper. But a rental car company can charge me $500+ for a new bumper, and also $75 a day that the car is unavailable for rental while they fix it (“loss-of-use” fees). Or they might just charge me $100 for a scratch because they want to squeeze every penny out of me… 2 months after I return the car.
In addition, your own auto insurance may cover collision (damage to the vehicle), but not other things like those “loss-of-use” or other administrative fees. Finally, making a claim on your insurance may jack up your future rates, which is partially why my deductibles are so high in the first place.
Credit Card Secondary Coverage To The Rescue?
The next layer of protection to consider is that offered by your credit card company. All of the biggies – Visa, MasterCard, American Express, and Discover offer some sort of coverage. According a review of the policies done on Wikipedia:
The main difference among the four credit card companies listed below is that MasterCard and Amex cover collisions, theft, vandalism and weather; Visa covers collisions and theft, but omits vandalism and weather; while Discover covers only collisions. However MasterCard is not useful in areas with dirt or gravel roads [paved roads only].
However, details can still vary depending on the specific type (Classic, Gold, Platinum, etc.). Look for specific wording in the paperwork that they mail you with the tiny print on amazingly thin paper. Here’s an excerpt from MasterCard coverage:
MasterRental will pay for covered damages on a secondary basis for which you are, or any other authorized driver is, legally responsible to the rental agency.
Covered damages include:
–Physical damage to and theft of the vehicle, not to exceed the limits outlined below.
- Reasonable loss-of-use charges imposed by the vehicle rental company for the period of time the rental vehicle is out of service. Loss-of-use charges must be substantiated by a location- and class-specific fleet utilization log.
- Reasonable towing charges to the nearest factory-authorized collision repair facility.
If you have, or an authorized driver’s primary automobile insurance or other indemnity has, made payments for a covered loss, MasterRental will cover your deductible and any other eligible amounts not covered by other insurance.
Secondary insurance means that they will cover what your primary insurance doesn’t. Together, this seems like a pretty solid combination. Of course, I’ve never made a claim through any of these card companies so I have no idea how easy they are to deal with. (Anyone have stories?)
An Immature Reason To Buy The LDW
I couldn’t find the clip online, but I remember a stand-up act by Jeff Foxworthy or somebody about rental car insurance that went something like this…. “You mean for 15 bucks I can drive this car like a maniac? Heck yeah I want that insurance! Time to grab some airtime!” I must say that the only time I’ve ever been in a car that did a doughnut in a empty parking lot…. that was a rental car. Of course I don’t drive like that. However, I will admit that have tested to 0-60 times of a few of my rental cars. Too bad in a Chevy Aveo that’s about 38 seconds downhill…
In the end, I have gone both ways depending on my mood. I have bought the waivers on short rentals because I just didn’t want to deal with any potential hassles. Most times, I have refused. I am making another rental later this week, so that’s why I’m pondering this…
最后是处理结果，买了保险确实包括刮蹭撞损，一分钱没掏，但如果是刮了别人却要赔偿，除非每天再交$13。吓得练车的人半死～
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CZONG 转发了这篇日记 2013-06-17 05:28:55