Obama presses Egypt to help rein in Hamas as Gaza conflict escalates
Barack Obama is pressing the Egyptian leadership to help de-escalate the bloody conflict in Gaza amid concern that a further ratcheting up of violence, such as a major Israeli ground assault, could damage the peace accords between Cairo and Jerusalem.
奥巴马正向埃及领导人施加压力阻止在加沙地区可能升级的暴力冲突，例如大规模的以色列地面进攻，破坏开罗和耶路撒冷地区和平。
The Egyptian prime minister, Hisham Kandil, is expected to lead a delegation to Gaza on Friday for talks with Hamas leaders on quelling the fighting which has escalated with the Israeli assassination of the Hamas military leader, Ahmed Jabari, and the firing of hundreds of rockets from Gaza into Israel. The fighting has now claimed civilian lives on both sides.
埃及总理，西萨姆希望在周五带领一个代表团去加沙跟哈马斯领导人会谈平息这次由以色列暗杀哈马斯军队领导人艾哈迈德引起的战斗，数以百计的火箭弹从加沙打向以色列。这场战斗两方都宣称有平民受伤。
On Thursday, the conflict threatened to escalate further as the Israelis stepped up their intense bombardment of Gaza and Hamas continued its barrage of rocket fire into Israel.
周四，冲突被迫升级因为以色列加强了对加沙的炮火攻击，哈马斯继续对以色列进行火箭弹攻击。
Three people were killed and three children injured when a rocket hit their apartment block in the southern Israeli town of Kiryat Malachi. Another rocket struck close to the city of Rishon Lezion, 22 miles north of Gaza, one of almost 150 fired from the enclave on Thursday.
在以色列南方城市Kiryat Malachi，当火箭弹袭击他们的公寓大楼导致三名成年人死亡和三个小孩受伤，离加沙22公里南部火箭弹打击了Rishon Lezion附近，大约150次炮火攻击，周四时候。
In Gaza, there was mounting concern about rising civilian casualties, with the ministry of health reporting that four children and a woman pregnant with twins were among the dead. It said 130 people had been wounded. By late afternoon, Israeli jets were continuing, and Hamas said the death toll had reached at least 19.
加沙，平民伤亡逐渐增加，军队报告称四个孩子和一个怀孕双胞胎的妇女在袭击中死亡。130受伤。下午晚些时候，以色列飞机仍在继续，哈马斯称死亡人数上升到了19人。
Israeli troops were reported to be moving south in preparation for a possible ground invasion of Gaza. However, the IDF spokeswoman, Avital Leibovitch, indicated that such a move was not imminent, saying it was only an "option" and that ground forces were "on alert".
以色列国防部报告称，避免加沙的地面入侵，部队将要移动到南部。尽管IDF女发言人表明部队还没有行动，那只是一个指令，地面部队在时刻待命。
One trigger for an order to launch a ground offensive could be a rocket landing in Tel Aviv, Israel's second-largest city. Gaza's militants have never reached the city, which is roughly 50 miles north of the strip. But on Thursday, a rocket fired from Gaza reportedly landed in the sea close to the city.
发动地面反攻的诱因可能是一个火箭弹落在了以色列的第二大城市Tel Aviv。加沙的武装分子从未到达这座城市,大概是加沙地带以北50英里。但是周四，据加沙报道，一个火箭弹落在了城市边的海里。
The Egyptian prime minister's visit to Gaza follows a call by Obama to the Egyptian president, Mohamed Morsi, on Wednesday in which the US president urged him not to take any action that could cause a further deterioration in relations with Israel and threaten the Camp David peace accords, according to diplomatic sources.
埃及总理访问加沙是因为奥巴马给埃及总统打了一个电话在周三，不要采取任何和以色列关系恶化的行动和威胁大卫营安全和平的行动，美国总统通过外交途径努力劝阻他。
"The American focus is getting the Egyptians to pull Hamas back, and making sure the Egyptians themselves do not do anything precipitous that could seriously damage the peace accords," said a western diplomat in the region. "The Americans recognise that there has to be a certain latitude for Morsi because he faces his own pressures to take a tougher stand with Israel.
美国人关注帮助埃及人把哈马斯拉回来，确保埃及人不会做出任何鲁莽的行动破坏这一地区的和平，这一地区的西方外交官说。美国人认识到，他们必须要在莫尔西留一定区域，因为他们自己自己的压力一更强硬的立场面对以色列
"But they want to make sure it doesn't get to a point where the peace accords are under threat, and an escalation in Gaza could push it down that path. Washington is co-opting the Egyptians into making peace not only to get Hamas to rein it in, but to stop the Egyptians themselves from taking it over the cliff."
但是，他们确认，他们没有得到一个办法当这一地区和平受到威胁时，加沙地区形势的扩大化使得形势更加恶化。华盛顿选择拉拢埃及人制造和平不仅使哈马斯控制住，而且使埃及人自己从悬崖边上拉回来。
The US secretary of state, Hillary Clinton, spoke to the Egyptian foreign minister, Mohamed Kamel Amr, to press home the message. Amr called on the US to put pressure on the Israelis to halt the assault on Gaza, the foreign ministry said.
哈里斯希尔顿对埃及外交部长说，给家里压力。外交部长拜访美国是为了给以色列施加压力，在加沙地区停止袭击，外交部说。
Morsi is maintaining a firm line in public, pulling the Egyptian ambassador out of Israel and calling an emergency meeting of the Arab League.
"Israel needs to understand that we won't accept the aggression that negatively affects the security and stability of the region," Morsi said on Thursday at the end of a meeting on the crisis.
The Egyptian foreign ministry handed a letter to the Israeli embassy in Cairo expressing "strong condemnation" of the military strikes on Gaza.
Obama also spoke to the Israeli prime minister, Binyamin Netanyahu, on Wednesday.
Aaron David Miller, a former US Middle East negotiator and now vice-president of the Wilson Centre, said he expects Obama to have appealed to the Israelis not to push the assault too far.
"The message to the Israelis is clearly restraint, give the Egyptians time to work this. Nobody has an interest in escalation," he said.
Publicly, the US administration has firmly backed Israel over the Gaza conflict.
The White House blamed Hamas and other armed Islamic groups for "cowardly" attacks and said in a statement about the president's call to Netanyahu that Obama reiterated "the United States's support for Israel's right to self-defence in light of the barrage of rocket attacks being launched from Gaza against Israeli civilians".
白宫谴责哈马斯和其他伊斯兰武装组织“懦弱”攻击在一份声明中说,总统对内塔尼亚胡,奥巴马重申了美国对以色列的支持自卫的权利。被接二连三的火箭袭击，从加沙发射攻击以色列平民”。
Miller said Obama will remain unwavering in his support of Israel – not just in Gaza but on diplomatic issues such as opposition to the Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas's plan to ask the UN general assembly to recognise Palestinian statehood later this month – despite criticism from Morsi that Washington siding with the Jewish state has damaged US interests in the Middle East.
"If Obama has any hope of promoting an Israeli Palestinian initiative down the road, he's going to have to remain in lock step with the current Israeli government on two issues – opposing Abbas's efforts on recognition New York and taking a very very tough line on Israeli security," said Miller. "There'll be latitude in giving the Israelis a lot of leeway in terms of the disproportionality of whatever response they undertake in Gaza."
But behind the scenes Obama is having to tread carefully with Morsi who has been more forcefully critical of Israel than his predecessor, the deposed ruler, Hosni Mubarak.
Morsi has said Egypt will continue to respect the peace accords but has also said Israel has not fulfilled its obligations – a claim that has caused concern in Washington that the long term stability of the agreement may be undermined.
In criticising the US for taking sides with Israel against the Palestinians, the Egyptian leader singled out Washington's "failure" to ensure Israel's compliance with what he said is a requirement in the Camp David agreement for it withdraw from the occupied Palestinian territories.
"As long as peace and justice are not fulfilled for the Palestinians, then the treaty remains unfulfilled," he told the New York Times in September.
The Egyptian president has also been strongly critical of Obama's failure to live up to the president's early promise of a shift in US policy in the Middle East and warned that it continues to foster anti-American sentiment in the Arab world.
Obama has contributed to the cooling of the relationship after the close ties between the Mubarak regime and the US by saying that he regards the present Egyptian administration as neither an ally nor an enemy.
But Miller said that Obama is also in a position to exert pressure on Morsi to ensure the peace treaty is not undermined by the Gaza conflict or broader political pressures, not least over Egypt's position as one of the largest recipients of US aid.
"We've got a $4.5bn IMF loan to Egypt under consideration and Morsi wants our help with that. Why is there massive assistance to Egypt? It grew out of the peace treaty. Without that peace treaty, the chances of our treating Egypt as a special case are going to diminish dramatically," he said.
"Morsi has a much more proactive agenda which is to actively work to make an already cold peace colder. Ultimately he could get away with it, to redefine the nature of the Egyptian-Israeli relationship which he doesn't like. The potential upside is that if Morsi's role is a positive one in defusing this crisis, it would serve to inject a fair amount of stability in the Egyptian-Israeli relationship right now because under a Muslim Brotherhood president, every day that peace treaty exists it's legitimised."
奥巴马正向埃及领导人施加压力阻止在加沙地区可能升级的暴力冲突，例如大规模的以色列地面进攻，破坏开罗和耶路撒冷地区和平。
The Egyptian prime minister, Hisham Kandil, is expected to lead a delegation to Gaza on Friday for talks with Hamas leaders on quelling the fighting which has escalated with the Israeli assassination of the Hamas military leader, Ahmed Jabari, and the firing of hundreds of rockets from Gaza into Israel. The fighting has now claimed civilian lives on both sides.
埃及总理，西萨姆希望在周五带领一个代表团去加沙跟哈马斯领导人会谈平息这次由以色列暗杀哈马斯军队领导人艾哈迈德引起的战斗，数以百计的火箭弹从加沙打向以色列。这场战斗两方都宣称有平民受伤。
On Thursday, the conflict threatened to escalate further as the Israelis stepped up their intense bombardment of Gaza and Hamas continued its barrage of rocket fire into Israel.
周四，冲突被迫升级因为以色列加强了对加沙的炮火攻击，哈马斯继续对以色列进行火箭弹攻击。
Three people were killed and three children injured when a rocket hit their apartment block in the southern Israeli town of Kiryat Malachi. Another rocket struck close to the city of Rishon Lezion, 22 miles north of Gaza, one of almost 150 fired from the enclave on Thursday.
在以色列南方城市Kiryat Malachi，当火箭弹袭击他们的公寓大楼导致三名成年人死亡和三个小孩受伤，离加沙22公里南部火箭弹打击了Rishon Lezion附近，大约150次炮火攻击，周四时候。
In Gaza, there was mounting concern about rising civilian casualties, with the ministry of health reporting that four children and a woman pregnant with twins were among the dead. It said 130 people had been wounded. By late afternoon, Israeli jets were continuing, and Hamas said the death toll had reached at least 19.
加沙，平民伤亡逐渐增加，军队报告称四个孩子和一个怀孕双胞胎的妇女在袭击中死亡。130受伤。下午晚些时候，以色列飞机仍在继续，哈马斯称死亡人数上升到了19人。
Israeli troops were reported to be moving south in preparation for a possible ground invasion of Gaza. However, the IDF spokeswoman, Avital Leibovitch, indicated that such a move was not imminent, saying it was only an "option" and that ground forces were "on alert".
以色列国防部报告称，避免加沙的地面入侵，部队将要移动到南部。尽管IDF女发言人表明部队还没有行动，那只是一个指令，地面部队在时刻待命。
One trigger for an order to launch a ground offensive could be a rocket landing in Tel Aviv, Israel's second-largest city. Gaza's militants have never reached the city, which is roughly 50 miles north of the strip. But on Thursday, a rocket fired from Gaza reportedly landed in the sea close to the city.
发动地面反攻的诱因可能是一个火箭弹落在了以色列的第二大城市Tel Aviv。加沙的武装分子从未到达这座城市,大概是加沙地带以北50英里。但是周四，据加沙报道，一个火箭弹落在了城市边的海里。
The Egyptian prime minister's visit to Gaza follows a call by Obama to the Egyptian president, Mohamed Morsi, on Wednesday in which the US president urged him not to take any action that could cause a further deterioration in relations with Israel and threaten the Camp David peace accords, according to diplomatic sources.
埃及总理访问加沙是因为奥巴马给埃及总统打了一个电话在周三，不要采取任何和以色列关系恶化的行动和威胁大卫营安全和平的行动，美国总统通过外交途径努力劝阻他。
"The American focus is getting the Egyptians to pull Hamas back, and making sure the Egyptians themselves do not do anything precipitous that could seriously damage the peace accords," said a western diplomat in the region. "The Americans recognise that there has to be a certain latitude for Morsi because he faces his own pressures to take a tougher stand with Israel.
美国人关注帮助埃及人把哈马斯拉回来，确保埃及人不会做出任何鲁莽的行动破坏这一地区的和平，这一地区的西方外交官说。美国人认识到，他们必须要在莫尔西留一定区域，因为他们自己自己的压力一更强硬的立场面对以色列
"But they want to make sure it doesn't get to a point where the peace accords are under threat, and an escalation in Gaza could push it down that path. Washington is co-opting the Egyptians into making peace not only to get Hamas to rein it in, but to stop the Egyptians themselves from taking it over the cliff."
但是，他们确认，他们没有得到一个办法当这一地区和平受到威胁时，加沙地区形势的扩大化使得形势更加恶化。华盛顿选择拉拢埃及人制造和平不仅使哈马斯控制住，而且使埃及人自己从悬崖边上拉回来。
The US secretary of state, Hillary Clinton, spoke to the Egyptian foreign minister, Mohamed Kamel Amr, to press home the message. Amr called on the US to put pressure on the Israelis to halt the assault on Gaza, the foreign ministry said.
哈里斯希尔顿对埃及外交部长说，给家里压力。外交部长拜访美国是为了给以色列施加压力，在加沙地区停止袭击，外交部说。
Morsi is maintaining a firm line in public, pulling the Egyptian ambassador out of Israel and calling an emergency meeting of the Arab League.
"Israel needs to understand that we won't accept the aggression that negatively affects the security and stability of the region," Morsi said on Thursday at the end of a meeting on the crisis.
The Egyptian foreign ministry handed a letter to the Israeli embassy in Cairo expressing "strong condemnation" of the military strikes on Gaza.
Obama also spoke to the Israeli prime minister, Binyamin Netanyahu, on Wednesday.
Aaron David Miller, a former US Middle East negotiator and now vice-president of the Wilson Centre, said he expects Obama to have appealed to the Israelis not to push the assault too far.
"The message to the Israelis is clearly restraint, give the Egyptians time to work this. Nobody has an interest in escalation," he said.
Publicly, the US administration has firmly backed Israel over the Gaza conflict.
The White House blamed Hamas and other armed Islamic groups for "cowardly" attacks and said in a statement about the president's call to Netanyahu that Obama reiterated "the United States's support for Israel's right to self-defence in light of the barrage of rocket attacks being launched from Gaza against Israeli civilians".
白宫谴责哈马斯和其他伊斯兰武装组织“懦弱”攻击在一份声明中说,总统对内塔尼亚胡,奥巴马重申了美国对以色列的支持自卫的权利。被接二连三的火箭袭击，从加沙发射攻击以色列平民”。
Miller said Obama will remain unwavering in his support of Israel – not just in Gaza but on diplomatic issues such as opposition to the Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas's plan to ask the UN general assembly to recognise Palestinian statehood later this month – despite criticism from Morsi that Washington siding with the Jewish state has damaged US interests in the Middle East.
"If Obama has any hope of promoting an Israeli Palestinian initiative down the road, he's going to have to remain in lock step with the current Israeli government on two issues – opposing Abbas's efforts on recognition New York and taking a very very tough line on Israeli security," said Miller. "There'll be latitude in giving the Israelis a lot of leeway in terms of the disproportionality of whatever response they undertake in Gaza."
But behind the scenes Obama is having to tread carefully with Morsi who has been more forcefully critical of Israel than his predecessor, the deposed ruler, Hosni Mubarak.
Morsi has said Egypt will continue to respect the peace accords but has also said Israel has not fulfilled its obligations – a claim that has caused concern in Washington that the long term stability of the agreement may be undermined.
In criticising the US for taking sides with Israel against the Palestinians, the Egyptian leader singled out Washington's "failure" to ensure Israel's compliance with what he said is a requirement in the Camp David agreement for it withdraw from the occupied Palestinian territories.
"As long as peace and justice are not fulfilled for the Palestinians, then the treaty remains unfulfilled," he told the New York Times in September.
The Egyptian president has also been strongly critical of Obama's failure to live up to the president's early promise of a shift in US policy in the Middle East and warned that it continues to foster anti-American sentiment in the Arab world.
Obama has contributed to the cooling of the relationship after the close ties between the Mubarak regime and the US by saying that he regards the present Egyptian administration as neither an ally nor an enemy.
But Miller said that Obama is also in a position to exert pressure on Morsi to ensure the peace treaty is not undermined by the Gaza conflict or broader political pressures, not least over Egypt's position as one of the largest recipients of US aid.
"We've got a $4.5bn IMF loan to Egypt under consideration and Morsi wants our help with that. Why is there massive assistance to Egypt? It grew out of the peace treaty. Without that peace treaty, the chances of our treating Egypt as a special case are going to diminish dramatically," he said.
"Morsi has a much more proactive agenda which is to actively work to make an already cold peace colder. Ultimately he could get away with it, to redefine the nature of the Egyptian-Israeli relationship which he doesn't like. The potential upside is that if Morsi's role is a positive one in defusing this crisis, it would serve to inject a fair amount of stability in the Egyptian-Israeli relationship right now because under a Muslim Brotherhood president, every day that peace treaty exists it's legitimised."
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