新增专业词汇及其用法举例06
activator 激活物，激活剂，激活蛋白
例句1: The transposable element activator (Ac) was crossed into two genetically marked Petunia hybrida lines expressing known flavonoid pigments[1].
将转座元件活化剂（Ac）转入到两个遗传标记的矮牵牛杂交系中，表达已知的类黄酮色素。
例句2:Calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) is a small transcription factor (TF) family with broad range of functions involved in different environmental stress responses including drought[2].
钙调蛋白结合转录激活因子（CAMTA）是一个小转录因子（TF）家族，具有广泛的功能，参与包括干旱在内的不同环境胁迫反应。
[1] GRIESBACH R J. The effect of the Ph 6 gene on the color of Petunia hybrida Vilm. flowers [J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1998, 123(4): 647-650.
[2] MEER L, MUMTAZ S, LABBO A M, et al. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin-binding transcription activator genes in banana under drought stress [J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019, 244: 10-14.
alkali 碱，强碱
例句1: The alkali stress clearly inhibited growth and photosynthesis[1].
碱胁迫明显抑制了生长和光合作用。
例句2:Salt-alkali stress causes serious abiotic damage during the growth stage of rice[2].
盐碱胁迫对水稻生长阶段造成严重的非生物损伤。
[1] WANG X P, GENG S J, RI Y J, et al. Physiological responses and adaptive strategies of tomato plants to salt and alkali stresses [J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2011, 130(1): 248-255.
[2] SUN J, XIE D W, ZHANG E Y, et al. QTL mapping of photosynthetic-related traits in rice under salt and alkali stresses [J]. Euphytica, 2019, 215(9): 147.
ambisense 双义
例句1: The full-length viral strand of the S RNA was determined as 3,172 nucleotides in length, with an inverted repeat at the 5' and 3' ends and two open reading frames in an ambisense arrangement[1].
S RNA的全长病毒链长度为3172个核苷酸，在5'和3'端有一个反向重复序列，两个开放的阅读框，呈双义排列。
例句2: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has one negative sense (L) and two ambisense (M and S) RNAs[2].
番茄斑点枯萎病毒（TSWV）具有一个反义（L）和两个双义RNA（M和S）。
[1] LIN Y H, CHEN T C, CHUNG M H, et al. Sequence analysis of S RNA of Calla lily chlorotic spot virus, a new tospovirus; proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Virus Diseases of Ornamental Plants, Taichung, TAIWAN, F Mar 09-14, 2004 [C]. 2006.
[2] ADKINS S, LEWANDOWSKI D J. A system to explore Tomato spotted wilt virus gene function; proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Tomato Diseases, Orlando, FL, F Jun 21-24, 2004 [C]. 2005.
anemophily 风媒
例句1: The manifestation of dynamic anemophily in the studied grasses is diverse, genetically determined, and well preserved under different natural climatic conditions[1].
所研究的禾本科植物动态风媒的表现形式多种多样，由遗传决定，在不同自然气候条件下保存完好。
例句2:Massive blooming, drooping inflorescence with pendulous flowers, ample pollen production, gradual pollen release as a function of anther appendage, aerodynamic size of the pollen grains with reticulate exine and muri separated by lumina and strong protogyny - all contribute to anemophily[2].
花朵大量的盛开，悬垂花序上花朵的摇摆，充足的产生花粉，作为花药附属功能的花粉逐渐释放，由腔无序分割且具有网状外壁花粉粒的粒径，和强大的雌蕊先熟，所有这些都有助于风媒传播。
[1] KEVAN P G, TIKHMENEV E A. Dynamic anemophily and the ecology of pollination in common grasses in Ontario [J]. Russian Journal of Ecology, 1996, 27(4): 260-266.
[2] RAJU A J S, RAMANA K V, JONATHAN K H. Anemophily, anemochory, seed predation and seedling ecology of Shorea tumbuggaia Roxb. (Dipterocarpaceae), an endemic and globally endangered red-listed semi-evergreen tree species [J]. Current Science, 2009, 96(6): 827-833.
axon 轴突
例句1:We have divided the sequence of axon growth from these neurons into five major phases[1].
我们将这些神经元的轴突生长序列分为五个主要阶段。
例句2:Weexamined whether stimulation of sensitive mechanoreceptors from an area of allodynia evokes nociceptor activity expressed as axon reflexes[2].
我们研究了通过对异常疼痛区域的敏感机械感受器的刺激，是否会激活以轴突反射为表现的伤害感受器活性。
[1] SINK H, WHITINGTON P M.Pathfinding in the central-nervous-system and periphery by identified embryonic drosophila motor axons [J]. Development, 1991, 112(1): 307-316.
[2] CERVERO F, LAIRD J M A. Mechanisms of allodynia: Interactions between sensitive mechanoreceptors and nociceptors [J]. Neuroreport, 1996, 7(2): 526-528.
