MBTI各维度的含义以及个人经验
注:各人格特质中文名称没有沿用普遍接受的版本,而采用结合了个人经验和英文名称意译的版本,详见附录。
注:非广告但推荐一个入门友好的免费人格测评网站(www.16personalities.com),也是本文的英文出处,定期测试可以反映自身性格的发展。
随着MBTI在国内讨论热度的持续升高,作为一个人格心理学爱好者,在此以非专业的方式对MBTI各维度的含义浅谈薄见。
Introvert (I) vs. Extravert (E)
This aspect shows how we interact with our surroundings.
该维度反映我们与周围环境交互的方式。
Introvert 内向型
Introverted individuals prefer solitary activities and get exhausted by social interaction. They tend to be quite sensitive to external stimulation (e.g. sound, sight or smell) in general.
内向型个体倾向于独立的活动,并对社交感到疲惫。总体上,他们对外界刺激(如声音、画面或气味)非常敏感。
Extravert 外向型
Extraverted individuals prefer group activities and get energized by social interaction. They tend to be more enthusiastic and more easily excited than Introverts.
外向型个体倾向于集体的活动,并对社交感到亢奋。他们通常更具有活力,也比内向者更容易激动。
作为内向型个体的经验
从独立生活开始,我便展现出了“极端”的“社恐”性格,从不主动参加聚会,读书是最大的兴趣,甚至去电影院看电影也喜欢独自前往。除非加以伪装,否则这一维度的特质在社交的第一印象中就会充分体现。
Observant (S) vs. Intuitive (N)
The second aspect determines how we see the world and process information.
该维度反映我们如何理解世界和处理信息。
Observant 收敛型
Observant individuals are highly practical, pragmatic and down-to-earth. They tend to have strong habits and focus on what is happening or has already happened.
收敛型个体高度务实、脚踏实地。他们通常有很执着的习惯,并专注于正在发生或已经发生的事情。
Intuitive 发散型
Intuitive individuals are very imaginative, open-minded and curious. They prefer novelty over stability and focus on hidden meanings and future possibilities.
发散型个体非常有想象力,开明且好奇心强。相比稳定,他们更注重新意,并专注于背后故事和未来的可能性。
作为发散型个体的经验
我的工作性质为产品的工程开发,属于自由度比较高的工作,在领导安排的工作之余,我会经常通过大量的探索实践来优化工作中的流程、工具和思路,让大家的工作更有效率。这一维度我认为只有在长期的工作和生活中才能充分体现。
Thinking (T) vs. Feeling (F)
This aspect determines how we make decisions and cope with emotions.
该维度反映我们如何做决策以及对待感情。
Thinking 思考型
Thinking individuals focus on objectivity and rationality, prioritizing logic over emotions. They tend to hide their feelings and see efficiency as more important than cooperation.
思考型个体专注于客观和理性,将逻辑置于感受之上。他们通常会隐藏感受并将效率看得比合作更重要。
Feeling 感受型
Feeling individuals are sensitive and emotionally expressive. They are more empathic and less competitive than Thinking types, and focus on social harmony and cooperation.
感受型个体敏感且富有表达性。他们更具有同情心,也比思考型个体更友善,并专注于社会和谐与合作。
作为思考型个体的经验
这个特质可能是对我在社交时的最大阻碍,在生活中我不会主动联系任何人,除了我的一名高中同学、我目前的伴侣以及我的父母;我知道关系是需要维持的,但目前来看,我不需要维持除上述之外的任何关系。这一维度我认为在同事之间会存在明显差异。
Judging (J) vs. Prospecting (P)
This aspect reflects our approach to work, planning and decision-making.
该维度反映我们工作、计划和决策的方式。
Judging 判断型
Judging individuals are decisive, thorough and highly organized. They value clarity, predictability and closure, preferring structure and planning to spontaneity.
判断型个体果断、全面且高度自治。他们重视清晰度、可预测性和完整性,喜欢结构性和计划性而不是自发性。
Prospecting 观望型
Prospecting individuals are very good at improvising and spotting opportunities. They tend to be flexible, relaxed nonconformists who prefer keeping their options open.
观望型个体非常擅长即兴发挥和寻找机会。他们通常很灵活、不受约束,喜欢保留选择余地。
作为判断型个体的经验
这一点在生活和工作中均体现的淋漓尽致,我会在事情开始之前尽可能制定周全的计划,然后严格地实施,在实施的过程中我很不喜欢变数,但就像人们常说的“计划没有变化快”,我也在学着应对变数和未知。
Assertive (A) vs. Turbulent (T)
Finally, the Identity aspect underpins all others, showing how confident we are in our abilities and decision.
最后一个维度是身份,其支撑着所有其他的维度,反映我们对自己的能力和决策的信心,是www.16personalities.com提出的附加维度。
Assertive 坚定型
Assertive individuals are self-assured, even-tempered and resistant to stress. They refuse to worry too much and do not push themselves too hard when it comes to achieving goals.
坚定型个体心安理得、心气平和且不惧压力。他们不会多虑,而且在实现目标过程中不会对自己太狠。
Turbulent 摇摆型
Turbulent individuals are self-conscious and sensitive to stress. They are likely to experience a wide range of emotions and to be success-driven, perfectionistic and eager to improve.
摇摆型个体自我意识很强,而且对压力敏感。他们很可能会经历各种各样的情绪,并且追求成功、完美主义且自我提升意愿强烈。
作为坚定型个体的经验
虽然我在这方面的得分与日俱增,但是这一特质我到现在也没认清,我自认为大多数情况下反而属于摇摆型,我的完美主义倾向很明显、对自我提升的需求也很强烈,我认为很多时候我的缺点就是不够坚定。
附录人格特质在本文的名称与普遍接受的名称的对比
Introvert vs. Extravert
中文:内倾与外倾
本文:内向与外向
Observant vs. Intuitive
中文:实感与直觉
本文:收敛与发散
Thinking vs. Feeling
中文:思维与情感
本文:思考与感受
Judging vs. Prospecting
中文:判断与知觉
本文:判断与观望