连淑能《英译汉教程》配套题库
Chapter 1 Lexical Translation（词法翻译）
1.1 Diction（选词法）
Ⅰ. Choice of Affective Meanings
1. In our Second Address on the war, five days after the advent of those men, we told you what they were.
【译文】在这伙人上台五天以后，我们在关于前次战争的第二篇宣言中已经向你们说明他们究竟是些什么货色了。
2. Many of the old Orleanist stagers had merged into the Bonapartist lot.
【译文】很多奥尔良的老角色也与波拿巴派同流合污了。
3. As a demanding boss, he expected total loyalty and dedication from his employees.
【译文】他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。
【解析】“demanding”本身属于中性词，但根据句意而翻成贬义词。
4. It is my comfort and my sincere conviction that you are going to try the life for which you are best fitted. I think it freedom and wildness more suited to you than any experiment in a study of office would ever have been, and without that training, you could have followed no other suitable occupation.
【译文1】你将体验的生活是最适合你的，这是我的安慰，也是我诚挚的信念。我认为那种自由与放荡不羁的生活较比书房或办公室的工作更适合你。缺少那种训练，你就不能从事其他适合你的职业。
【译文2】你将体验的生活是最适合你的，这是我的安慰，也是我诚挚的信念。我认为那种自由和无拘无束的生活较比书房或办公室的工作更适合你。缺少那种训练，你就不能从事其他适合你的职业。
【解析】参考译文1中将原文中的wildness译成“放荡不羁”，与原文要表达的意义不相符。原文中wildness与freedom并列，很明显没有负面的含义，表示“不受约束”之意。而“放荡不羁”意思为“任意妄为、淫乐放纵，行为不检点”，明显歪曲了原作的意思。
5. ①As luck would have it, no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.
②As luck would have it, there was rain on the day of the picnic.
【译文】
①幸运的是，爆炸发生时，没人在建筑物里。
②不凑巧的是，野餐那天下雨了。
6. ①Many people think that he is one of the most ambitious politicians of our times.
②Although he is very young, he is very ambitious in his research work.
【译文】
①许多人认为他是我们这个时代最有野心的政治家之一。
②尽管他很年轻，但是在研究工作中很有抱负。
【解析】ambitious意为“野心勃勃的；有抱负的”，在翻译的过程中应根据句子的感情色彩进行相应的选择。
7. ①Aggressive nations threaten world peace.
②A salesman must be aggressive if he wants to succeed.
【译文】
①侵略成性的国家威胁世界和平。
②推销员如果想要获得成功，必须有闯劲。
8. ①Official sanction has not yet been given.
②The British and the French imposed sanctions on Italy in 1935.
【译文】
①尚未获得正式批准。
②英法两国在1935年对意大利实施制裁。
9. ①He is the last man to come.
②This is the last place where I expected to meet you.
【译文】
①他是最后来的。
②我怎么也没料到会在这里遇到你。
【解析】在第一句中，last意为“最后的”。在第二句中意为“最不可能的，最不适当的”，用来表示强调。
10. ①The bell is not working
②Your idea won’t work in practice.
③Professor White is at work on a new book.
【译文】
①铃不响了。
②你的想法实际上行不通。
③怀特教授正在写一本新书。
11. ①He is a funny writer
②There is something funny about the matter.
③You will be sorry if you try anything funny in class.
【译文】
①他是个风趣的作家
②事情有些蹊跷。
③你要是在课堂上玩什么鬼花样，肯定要后悔的。
12. ①Your country is a consistent and resolute champion of all the peoples who struggle against terrorism.
②It is the champion of apartheid.
【译文】
①贵国一直坚定地站在反恐怖主义的前列。
②它是导致种族隔离的罪魁祸首。
13. ①She is fidgety and restless.
②All the inventors have a restless mind.
【译文】
①她生性急躁好动。
②所有的发明家都有一个不停思索的头脑。
14. ①Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it.
