英文期刊与留学生（英语）论文参考文献格式举例
英文期刊参考文献的正确使用，是建立在格式规范化的前提之下的。这和论文其他部分内容的完成要求，其实是一样的，只有熟知其格式要求方可以规范化写作，起到应有的作用和效果。在进行英文期刊参考文献写作前，要对应了解各分类的要求以及使用事项，很多人在一知半解的情况下就进行该部分内容，大大增加了犯错的概率，给论文的最终高质量完成带来不确定因素。因此为了避免质量受影响，可以更高效完成论文写作，我们得清楚英文期刊参考文献的格式要求，通过实例来参透其中的写作要领。这也是写作并引用好英文期刊参考文献的一大基本前提要素。英文期刊参考文献到底怎么写，其完成过程是怎样的，下文笔者就来具体讲讲，并分享最新整理的英文期刊参考文献格式举例。
一、英文期刊参考文献格式须知
参考文献(即引文5261出处)的类型以4102单字母方式标识,具体如1653下:
M——专著C——论文集N——报纸文章
J——期刊文章D——学位论文R——报告
对于不属于上述的文献类型,采用字母“Z”标识。
对于英文参考文献,还应注意以下两点:
①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则,具体格式是:姓,名字的首字母.
如:MalcolmRichardCowley为:Cowley,M.R.,
如果有两位作者,第一位作者方式不变,&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面,姓放在后面,
如: FrankNorris与IrvingGordon应为:Norris,F.&I.Gordon.;
②书名、报刊名使用斜体字,如:MasteringEnglishLiterature, EnglishWeekly。
二、英文期刊参考文献四大格式要求
一般来说，英文参考文献的格式主要有4种：APA格式、MLA格式、CMS格式、哈佛文献格式(Harvard System)。不管是引用还是标注，不管是期刊还是学术，都能从这4大格式中，找到对应的格式要求。下面就分别对这四种格式做一个简要的说明及举例：
1、APA格式
APA(American Psychological Association)是一种标明参考来源的格式，主要使用在社会科学领域及其他学术准则中，国内很多期刊也是采用的APA格式
APA文内注的参考文献格式是：“(作者姓氏，发表年份)”.
APA文末的参考文献目录格式是：Reference List,必须以姓(Family name)的字母顺序来排列，基本结构为：
①期刊类：
【作者】【发表年份】【文章名】【期刊名】【卷号/期数：起止页码】
Smith,J.(2006).The title of the article.The title of Journal,1,101-105.
②非期刊类：
【作者】【发表年份】【书籍名】【出版地：出版社】
Sussan.G.(2002).What computers can't do.New York:Harp&Row.
2、MLA格式
MLA是美国现代语言协会(Modern Language Association)制定的论文指导格式，多用于人文学科(Liberal Arts)
MLA文内注的基本格式：“(作者姓氏，文献页码)”.
MLA文末的参考文献目录格式：在MLA格式中称为Works Cited,同样是以姓(Family name)的字母顺序来排列，基本结构为：
①期刊类：
【作者】【“文章名”】【期刊名】【卷号或期数】【发表年份】起止页码】
Nwezeh,C.E.“The Comparative Approachto Modern African Literature.”Year book of General and Comparative Literature 28(1979):22.
②非期刊类：
【作者】【书籍名】【出版地：出版社】【发表年份】
Winfield,Richard Dien.Law in Civil Society.Madison:U of Wisconsin P,1995.
3、CMS格式
CMS格式，又叫芝加哥论文格式，全称The Chicago Manual of Style,源于芝加哥大学出版社在1906年出版的Manual Style,主要用于人文学科(humanities)，它使用脚注、尾注和参考文献目录来注明文献来源。
CMS文内注的参考文献格式是：“(作者姓氏，发表年份)”. CMS脚注和尾注(Foot note or end note)的格式为：
①期刊类：
【作者】【“文章名”】【期刊名】【卷号或期数】【发表年份】【起止页码】
Mac Donald,Susan Peck.“The Erasure of Language.”College Composition and Communication 58,no.4(2007)：585-625.
②非期刊类：
【作者】【书籍名】【出版地：出版社】【出版年份】
First name Last name,Title of Book(Place of publication:Publisher,Year of publication)，page number.
CMS文末参考文献称为bibliography或者References,其格式为：
①期刊类：
【作者】【“文章名”】【期刊名】【卷号或期数】【发表年份】【起止页码】
Mac Donald,Susan Peck.“The Erasure of Language.”College Composition and Communication 58,no.4(2007)：585-625.
②非期刊类：
【作者】【书籍名】【出版地：出版社】【出版年份】
Last name,First name.Title of Book.Place of publication:Publisher,Year of publication.
4、哈佛文献格式(HarvardSystem)
是哈佛大学的论文参考文献标准，全名为：哈佛注释体系(Harvard System)，起源于美国，但是在英国和澳洲等国家运用得比较多，尤其在物理和自然科学领域。
哈佛文内注的参考文献格式是：“(作者姓氏，发表年份)”.
哈佛文末的参考文献目录格式为：
①期刊类：
【作者】【发表年份】【文章名】【期刊名】【卷号或期数】【起止页码】
Ross,N(2015).On Truth Content and False Consciousness in Adorno's Aesthetic Theory.Philosophy Today,59(2)，pp.269-290.
②非期刊类：
Lgnatieff,M.(2012)Keeping an old flame burning brightly. The Guardian.
三、英文期刊参考文献如何直接引用
1.引用中的省略
原始资料的引用：在正文中直接引用时，应给出作者、年份，并用带括号的数字标出页码。若有任何资料省略，使用英文时，应用3个省略号在句中标出(…)，中文用6个(……);若两句间的资料省略，英文应用4个省略号标出(‥‥)，中文用6个(……)。若要在直接引用插入自己的解释，应使用方括号[ ]。若在资料中有什么错误拼写、错误语法或标点错误会使读者糊涂，应在引用后立即插入[sic]，中文用[原文如此]。下面是一些示例：
例一：The DSM IV defines the disorder [dysthymic] as being in a chronically depressed mood that occurs for "most of the day more days than not for at least two years (Criterion A) .... In children, the mood may be irritable rather than depressed, and the required minimum duration is only one year" (APA, 1994, p. 345).
例二：Issac (1995) states that bipolar disorder "is not only uncommon but may be the most diagnostic entity in children and adolescents in similar settings .... and may be the most common diagnosis in adolescents who are court-remanded to such settings" (p.275).
2.大段落引用
当中文引用超过160字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式(引用起于新的一行，首行缩进4个空格，两端对齐，之后每行都缩进)。
当英文引用超过40字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式(引用起于新的一行，首行缩进5个空格，左对齐，之后每行都缩进)。
Elkind (1978) states:
In general, our findings support Piaget's view that perceptions
as well as intelligence are neither entirely inborn nor entirely innate but are rather progressively constructed through the gradual development of perceptual regulations. The chapter has also attempted to demonstrate the applicability of Piaget's theory to practical issues by summarizing some research growing out of an analysis of beginning reading. (p.183)
四、英文期刊参考文献格式举例40例
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和论文写作一样，通过借鉴优秀范文写作可以更好的开展一篇论文的撰写工作，对于英文期刊参考文献部分也是如此，因此笔者上文精心整理了40例英文期刊参考文献实例，再通过相关知识点的详解分析，目的就是让学生们有一个更全面的了解，保证参考文献写作规范，能够在写作中加以正确引用。
