电影里各项职能中英文对照
Art Director 艺术总监（美术指导）
A person who is in charge of and oversees the artists and craftspeople who build the movie sets. 负责领导影片整体美术创作团队涉及化妆、服装、道具和置景的总体呈现。
Assistant Director 导演助理（副导演）
The Assistant Director is responsible for tracking the progress of the film versus the production schedule. Also responsible for preparing call sheets. 负责跟踪拍摄进度、制定拍摄计划、发布拍摄通告。
Associate Producer 联合制片人（制片策划）
The individual who shares the responsibility for creative and business dealings with the Executive Producer. 负责与制片主任共同承担影片创作和商业运营。
Background Artist 绘景师（置景师）
Background Artists design and/or construct the art used at the rear of a set. 负责创作、建造影片最底层的背景或空间。
Best Boy 电工助理（灯光助理）
This term is thought to have been borrowed from early sailing crews, who were employed to work the riggings in early movie theatres. Best Boy refers to the second in charge of any group, most commonly the chief assistant to the Gaffer. Females are also known as "Best Boys." 负责协助电力部门，多用于灯光的布线、放置、调整等，受灯光师、电工组长调度的工作人员。
Body Double 替身演员
Body Doubles are used to take the place of the actor/actress for a specific scene. Normally the Director will choose to use a Body Double when an actor's actual body part isn't quite what is desired for a scene (or if the actor is uncomfortable with showing that body part). Body Doubles are often used for scenes involving nudity or physical prowess. 在无正面脸部特写的镜头中代替演员出演的演员，多用于动作或裸体场面。
Boom Operator 话筒员
Boom Operators are members of the sound crew who operate the boom microphone. The boom microphone is a microphone attached to the end of a long pole. The Boom Operator extends the boom microphone over the actors, out of sight of the camera. 在拍摄中握持话筒挑杆控制录音距离和角度的人员。
Camera Loader 装片员（打板员）
The Camera Loader operates the clapboard, signaling the beginning of a shot. Also responsible for the actual loading of the film stock into film magazines. 胶片摄影时代负责装卸胶片封装编号并且在拍摄前标记场记板和击打场记板进行声画同步的人员。数字时代负责标记和击打场记板。
Casting Director 选角导演（演员导演）
The Casting Director auditions and helps choose all the speaking role actors in movies, television shows, and plays. Must have a wide knowledge of actors, and be able to match the talent with the role. Also serves as the liaison between Directors, actors, and their agents. Responsible for negotiating deals with agents and for obtaining contracts for each hired actor. 负责为影片征选台词演员和负责相关合同、交易的达成。
Choreographer 编舞导演
A person responsible for planning and directing all dance sequences within a movie or play. Other intricate sequences, like complex action sequences, might also have a choreographer. 负责为影片中不到部分设计舞蹈动作以及训练演员完成舞蹈动作。
Cinematographer 摄影师
A Cinematographer is a person who has expertise in the art of capturing images either electronically or on film through the use of visual recording devices. Also responsible for the selection and arrangement of lighting. The Director of Photography is the movie's chief Cinematographer. 负责操纵摄影机拍摄影片画面，同时负责调度灯光组进行布光，最高级别为总摄影师（摄影指导）。
Composer 作曲
Composers are musicians whose music appears in a movie's score. Most films have at least one original song written expressly for the score. 为出现在影片中的音乐谱曲。
Construction Coordinator 制作统筹
Sometimes referred to as the Construction Foreman or Construction Manager. This person is in charge of all financial responsibilities having to do with construction including tracking, budgeting, and reporting. Also responsible for the physical integrity of the buildings created by the construction crew. 负责影片所有的资金运作，包括预算把控、实际出纳以及随时向制片人及制片公司汇报影片拍摄进度及资金运作情况。
Costume Designer 服装设计
A person who is directly responsible for designing the costumes in a film. 负责影片中演员服装的设计。
Costumer 服装师（服装助理）
The Costumer is responsible for the on-set handling of the costumes/outfits worn by the actors. 负责归类、发放和帮助影片中演员穿着服装的工作。
Dialog Coach 台词教练（台词导演）
The Dialog Coach is responsible for helping an actor's speech pattern fit their character, usually by assisting with pronunciations and accents. 负责影片中演员出演台词的训练，纠正口音等工作。
Director of Photography 总摄影师（摄影指导）
The Director of Photography is the Cinematographer who is responsible for the process of recording a scene as instructed by the Director. Duties include selection of film, cameras, and lenses as well as selecting the lighting. The Director of Photography directs the Gaffer's placement of lighting. 负责按照导演的调度完成拍摄画面的工作，同时负责拍摄设备的选取、镜头的选取、布光的设计。
Dolly Grip 轨道场工
A grip specifically responsible for positioning the dolly. The dolly is a small truck that rolls along tracks and carries the camera, camera person, and occasionally the Director. 负责Dolly相关的轨道铺设、安装、拆卸、搬运、调整、操控的工作。
Editor 剪辑师
A person who edits a movie, by following the Director's instructions. Editors normally work on the visual editing of a film and are in charge of reconstructing the sequence of events within a film. 负责影片后期的剪辑工作。
Executive Producer 执行制片（制片主任）
Executive Producers are responsible for the overall production of a film but are not directly involved in any of the technical aspects. Normally an Executive Producer will handle the business and legal issues relating to filmmaking. 负责与拍摄相关的生活安排、劳务支取、法律合同但不直接参与技术和创作相关的工作。
Extra 具象演员（群众演员）
Extras are people who do not have a speaking role and are usually used for filler in a crowd scene, or as background action. No acting experience is necessary to be an Extra. 没有台词不需要表演经验用作背景填充气氛和画面的演员。
Foley Artist 音响师（拟音师）
Foley Artists create sound effects. Foley Artists use a variety of objects to create the sounds of footsteps and other incidental noises in a film. 为影片中特殊的声音效果创作声音的工作人员。
Gaffer 电工组长（灯光组长）
Though this literally translates to "old man," the Gaffer is in charge of the electrical department. 负责全组供电的设计安排，现场的布线设计以及调度灯光师和灯光助理的职业。
Grip 机械组（机械场工）
Grips are responsible for the maintenance and positioning of equipment on a set. 负责全场设备的安装、搬运、移动、拆卸的工作人员。
Key Grip 机械组长（场工组长）
The Key Grip is in charge of a group of Grips. Key Grips may also by the construction coordinator and a back-up for the camera crew. Key Grips and Gaffers work closely together. 负责与电工组协调完成全场设备调度，指挥机械组进行全场设备安置的工作人员。
Line Producer 跟组制片
Responsible for managing every person and issue associated with a film. Line Producers typically work on one film at a time. 负责全片拍摄的制片工作的制片人员，通常由出品公司直接指派。
Location Manager 外景制片
Location Managers are responsible for all aspects of filming while on location, including making arrangements with authorities for permission to shoot. 负责影片拍摄相关外景拍摄地的选取、拍摄许可的取得以及相关法律合同的制片人员。
Producer 制片人（出品人）
Producers are in charge of a movie's production in all matters, except for the creative efforts of the Director. The Producer is also responsible for raising funds, hiring key personnel, and arranging for distribution. 负责影片拍摄资金的筹措、导演的选取、摄制组的建立等工作的制片人员。
Production Assistant 制片助理
Production Assistants do various odd jobs on movie sets, including stopping traffic, acting as couriers, and fetching items from craft services. PA's are often attached directly to a specific actor or filmmaker. 负责协助制片主任完成拍摄现场的组织及各项相关工作的制片人员。
Production Illustrator 故事板画师（画师）
Production Illustrators draw all the storyboards used to make a film. They are also responsible for any drawings needed during the course of a production. 负责影片中所有分镜头对应的故事板的绘制，同时也可能会对影片涉及的相关绘画内容进行绘制。
Production Manager 制片经理
Responsible for ordering equipment, securing cast and crew accommodations, and other practical matters on the set. Reports directly to the film's Producer. 负责拍摄设备的租赁、保险和全组工作人员的住宿，直接向制片人汇报工作进度及开支情况。
Property Master 道具组长
The Property Master is responsible for purchasing/acquiring all the props used during production. 负责拍摄相关道具的购置、设计、制作、调整、陈设等相关工作道具统筹。
Screenwriter 编剧
Screenwriters adapt existing works for production into a movie or create a new screenplay to be filmed. 负责编写剧本。
Set Decorator 置景师
Set Decorators are in charge of decorating movie sets with furnishings, plants, drapery, and anything filmed on an indoor or outdoor set. 负责影片相关场景的制作、安置、调整、拆卸等的工作人员。
Set Designer 置景设计
Set Designers translate a Production Designer's vision and ideas of the movie into a set which is then used for filming. Set Designers report to the Art Director and are in charge of a Leadman. 负责在艺术总监指导下完成拍摄场景的设计。
Sound Designer 声音设计
Sound Designers are responsible for creating and designing the audio portion of a movie. 负责影片音效和声音的设计。
Unit Production Manager 跟组制片经理（总制片主任）
Unit Production Managers are executives who are responsible for the administration of a film. UPM's report to a Senior Producer, and only work on one film at a time. 负责整个剧组的行政，直接向最高的制片人汇报且仅服务于一部影片。
