人性

前段时间因为一个偶然的机会，和一个神交已久的朋友聊到人性问题，颇有感悟，在此记录下心得，以便日后思考。 既然要聊，首先就要定义，要不然就容易南辕北辙。我们把所有人类区别于动物的特性统统归为人性，举个例子，动物界有惯性，人类也有，那就不属于人性范畴，我们叫它动物性；但是人比动物高级点，人类学会了归纳总结，就是复杂点的惯性，于是发明了统计学，所以从惯性到统计学，从群居守则到政治体系，从交配的本能到爱情，都是动物性积累后的质变，我们把这些归于人性。然后就出现了另外一种东西，就是人类有，而动物没有，比如文明，包括法律和道德等制约人本性的东西，因为动物不受制约，所以他们没有。我们把前者叫做人性a，后者叫做人性b，总而言之，就是动物性的升华以及制约动物性的能力，合起来就是人性的ab面。 这里借用罗振宇的一个概念：人类社会我们通常粗粗地把它分成三大块——政治、经济、文化。这三大块任何物种都有，比如说，最原始的单细胞生物。所谓的经济需求，就是占有资源，能让自己生存和获得能量；所谓的政治需求，就是和其他个体协作，和环境协作，并且找到一个机制，这就是它的政治需求；当然，要支撑这两个需求，第三个需求就出来了，叫文化需求、信息需求和知识需求，任何一个单细胞生物它的表面，就是细胞膜的表面会布满受体来收集环境的信息。 所以，人类社会三大板块，政治经济文化，属于人性a，那人性b到底是什么呢？它是怎么来的呢？我认为，人性b就纯粹是人类发明，用来制约人性a中消极的可怕的基因（或者叫劣根性）的一种手段，我们把它叫做文明，包括我们常说的中华民族五千年文明，文字艺术音乐，物化的话就是蒋跑路Taiwan时搬走的三千箱文物。人类为了制约自己基因的劣根性，于是发明了文明，其实也是为了更高的政治经济文化的需求，为了更高级的利益。所以我认为人性a本身没有什么善恶之分，它是中性的，有好有坏，大部分都是从老祖宗那继承的，不同人的区别只不过是这个基因在你那是显性在我这是隐形，就是这样，而人与人真正的区别在于人性b，就是制约能力，理性决定感性的能力，知行合一的能力。 这就能解释当初我看昆汀的《落水狗》从前到后理了一遍发现只有粉先生还活着时我为什么会痛苦。那些自私的，以自我为考量，放弃所有亲情爱情友情的人往往在社会里最能耀武扬威指手画脚的得到最大利益。还有法制永远优于人治，人类社会发展的规律一定是法制越来越健全，政治体制越来越完善，道德标准越来越高，艺术越来越被歌颂。 我认为任何关于人性的问题其实都可以用这个工具去解决。

Because of an accidental opportunity, a friend of mine talked about human nature with me, and we found something interesting.

Before our talking, we defined it to avoid going against the grain. Firstly, we classified all human characteristics as human nature, for example, inertia exists in animal behaviors, and so does in human being behaviors, so we defined it belong to animality. But after then, human beings have learned to generalize and summarize , which actually is a complicated inertia, and then invented statistics. Therefore, from inertia to statistics, social rules to political systems, mating instinct to love, all of these qualitative changes are based on animality accumulates. So we call it human nature.

However, there's another thing, which exists in human world but never in animal kingdom, like civilization, including law and moral which is contributed to constrain some human action. We call the former human nature A, the latter human nature B. Over all, the sublimation of animality and the ability to restrict animality, combine them, the A side and B side, then we get human nature.

Here is a concept borrowed from luo zhenyu: human society is generally roughly divided into three major parts -- politics, economy and culture. These three big chunks are present in any species, including the most primitive single-celled organisms. Firstly, the so-called economic demand is the occupation of resources, like how to survival and access to energy. Secondly, the political need is to work with other individuals and environment, then create a interactional mechanism. Lastly, in order to support both of these needs, the third one comes out in culture, information and knowledge aspects. For example, the surface of membrane of any single cell is full of receptors to collect information from the environment.

Therefore, the three major sectors of human society, political, economy and culture, belong to human nature A. Then what is human nature B? How did it come about? In my opinion, human nature B is purely an tool invented to restrain the negative and terrible genes (or the Evil) in human nature A. Normally we call it civilization. What is it? like writing, art and music, and the materialized form is like cultural relics in museums. Moreover, we invented civilization actually is for higher political, economic and cultural needs, which are higher benefits for us. Hence, from my perspective, there is no distinguish between good and evil in human nature, it is neutral, mostly inherited from our ancestor. The only differences among people are just dominant or invisible in different genes. So it can be seen , the real difference between people is human nature B, the ability of restricting self, deciding rationally, and walking the talk.

That would explain why I was miserable when I saw Quentin Tarantino's "reservoir dogs" from the front to the back and found out that only Mr. Pink was alive. Those who are selfish and give up all their affections tend to get the most benefits from their life. Moreover, the legal system is always superior to the rule of man, so the law of human society development must be more and more complete.

I think any question about human nature can be solved with this tool.