孔雀王朝
"旃陀罗笈多(zhān tuó luó jī duō)，又译月护王，印度孔雀王朝第一任君主（公元前324—300年在位），阿育王的祖父。他的早期生平仍是一个谜，据说他的姓“孔雀”（Maurya）说明他来自一个饲养孔雀的家族，这意味着他出生于较低下的种姓，但是也有传说称他是难陀王朝王子的后代和一个女仆Mura的私生子，Maurya是Mura的音讹。青年时期正逢马其顿国王亚历山大三世入侵印度西北部，他乘机起事，建立军队，打击马其顿占领军。约前324或前321年自立为王，率军攻打难陀王朝都城华氏城（今比哈尔邦巴特那），创立孔雀王朝。统一印度北部地区，建成中央集权国家，建立一支包括步兵、骑兵、战车兵、水兵、象队和后勤部队号称60万人的常备军。为建立印度历史上第一个统一帝国奠定基础。传其晚年笃信耆那教，按该教习俗绝食而死。"
孔雀王朝（约公元前324年－约前188年）是古印度摩揭陀国著名的奴隶制王朝，因其创建者旃陀罗笈多出身于一个饲养孔雀的家族而得名。旃陀螺笈多赶走了希腊人在旁遮普的残余力量，逐渐征服北印度的大部分地区。其在位后期击退了塞琉古王国的入侵，并获得对阿富汗的统治权。公元前3世纪阿育王统治时期疆域广阔，政权强大，佛教兴盛并开始向外传播。阿育王死后，他的儿子据地独立，原来在帝国内处于半独立状态的安度罗也在南部宣布独立。孔雀王朝在恒河流域继续维持统治约50年。约公元前187年，孔雀王朝末王被大臣普沙密多罗·巽伽所杀，孔雀帝国正式结束，该王朝是第一个基本统一印度的政权。
"In the year 327 BC Alexander crossed the Hindu Kush. With great difficulty, he conquered pieces of land along the Indus and fought the famous king Poros at the river Hydaspes, where his army encountered elephants for the first time. Alexander won the battle and wanted to move on to the Ganges, the end of the known world. This was where the Okeanos was, the stream that surrounds the entire world. But his soldiers are tired of the strange climate, the battles and the marches, and thus Alexander returned to Babylon. Four years after the crossing of the Hindu Kush, Alexander the Great died and his Empire collapsed. His most important generals fought for tion, Seleukos eventually acquiring he bigger piece of land, including the valley of the Indus. At the beginning of the era that will be known as Hellenistic Age, when Greek culture was spread over much of the known world, from the colonies in Spain to the rainforests of India, another mighty general arose, this time in India. He would be the first to unite most of the Indian subcontinent. His grandson would be known as a bringer of peace. The founder of this new dynasty was Chandragupta Maurya."
孔雀王朝（约公元前324年－约前188年）是古印度摩揭陀国著名的奴隶制王朝，因其创建者旃陀罗笈多出身于一个饲养孔雀的家族而得名。旃陀螺笈多赶走了希腊人在旁遮普的残余力量，逐渐征服北印度的大部分地区。其在位后期击退了塞琉古王国的入侵，并获得对阿富汗的统治权。公元前3世纪阿育王统治时期疆域广阔，政权强大，佛教兴盛并开始向外传播。阿育王死后，他的儿子据地独立，原来在帝国内处于半独立状态的安度罗也在南部宣布独立。孔雀王朝在恒河流域继续维持统治约50年。约公元前187年，孔雀王朝末王被大臣普沙密多罗·巽伽所杀，孔雀帝国正式结束，该王朝是第一个基本统一印度的政权。
"In the year 327 BC Alexander crossed the Hindu Kush. With great difficulty, he conquered pieces of land along the Indus and fought the famous king Poros at the river Hydaspes, where his army encountered elephants for the first time. Alexander won the battle and wanted to move on to the Ganges, the end of the known world. This was where the Okeanos was, the stream that surrounds the entire world. But his soldiers are tired of the strange climate, the battles and the marches, and thus Alexander returned to Babylon. Four years after the crossing of the Hindu Kush, Alexander the Great died and his Empire collapsed. His most important generals fought for tion, Seleukos eventually acquiring he bigger piece of land, including the valley of the Indus. At the beginning of the era that will be known as Hellenistic Age, when Greek culture was spread over much of the known world, from the colonies in Spain to the rainforests of India, another mighty general arose, this time in India. He would be the first to unite most of the Indian subcontinent. His grandson would be known as a bringer of peace. The founder of this new dynasty was Chandragupta Maurya."
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