急流勇退 - 古德明
![]() |
問:「急流湧退」的英文譯法,以下那一個較好?(1)Retire in heyday。(2)Step down at the height of the career。
答:「湧退」應作「勇退」,即「果斷引退」。《邵氏聞見錄》卷七載:宋朝名臣錢若水見道士陳希夷和一老僧,那老僧認為他做不得方外之人,卻是「急流中勇退之人也」。這成語後來用以比喻「最得意的時候,毅然告退」。
至於讀者那兩個翻譯,一般寫法是retire in one's heyday以及step down at the height of one's career。Heyday是「最盛的時候」,例如:(1)It was sensible of the actress to retire in the heyday of her fame and popularity(那女演員在名氣最盛、廣受愛戴的時候,毅然引退,實在明智)。(2)The local film industry was in its heyday in the 1960s(一九六零年代,本地電影業如日中天)。
此外,英文有to leave off while the play is good(順利的時候就收手)、to quit while you are ahead(勝過他人的時候就引退)、a brave retreat is a brave exploit(勇於退卻,就是勇敢的行為)等成語,意思都和「急流勇退」差不多。至於翻譯時,應用那一個譯法,則應看上下文而定。例如《儒林外史》第八回王太守問蘧公子:「尊大人精神正旺,何以就這般急流勇退了?」這一句,上述各個譯法我都不會用,而會翻譯如下:Your father is still in excellent health. Why is he retiring so soon?