微波频率电磁场产生广泛的神经精神效应,包括抑郁症

来源：（美国国家生物信息中心） 作者： Martin L.Pall 华盛顿州立大学生物化学与基础医学荣誉博士 摘要： 非热微波/低频电磁场（EMF）通过电压门控钙通道（VGCC）激活起作用。钙通道阻滞剂阻断EMF效应，并且几种类型的补充证据证实了这种机制。低强度微波EMF产生神经精神效应的观点已被提出，有时称为微波综合征，目前的重点是这种理论是否确实证据充分的并且与EMF的已知作用机制一致。 VGCC在整个神经系统中以非常高的密度发生，并且在神经递质和神经内分泌激素的释放中广泛地发挥作用。 苏联和西方文献表明，非热微波暴露在实验动物中的大部分影响发生在大脑和周围神经系统中，因此神经系统组织学和功能显示出多样化和实质性的变化。这些可以通过VGCC活化而生效，产生过量的神经递质/神经内分泌释放以及氧化/亚硝化应激和其他反应。已经从遗传多态性研究中显示过度的VGCC活性会在人类神经精神性变化中起作用。20世纪70年代至80年代根据职业暴露研究，两份美国政府报告为非热微波EMF的许多神经精神效应提供了证据。最近的18项流行病学研究提供了实质性证据，表明来自手机/移动电话基站的微波EMF，过多的手机/移动电话使用以及无线智能仪表都能产生类似的神经精神效应模式，其中一些研究显示明显的剂量反应关系。来自另外6项研究的较少证据表明短波，无线电台，职业和数字电视天线暴露可能产生类似的神经精神效应。更常见的变化包括睡眠障碍/失眠，头痛，抑郁/抑郁症状，疲劳/疲倦，感觉迟钝，注意力不集中，记忆力改变，头晕，烦躁，食欲不振/体重，烦躁/焦虑，恶心，皮肤灼热/刺痛/皮肤纹理和脑电图改变。总之，微波EMF的作用机制，VGCC在大脑中的作用，非热EMF对大脑的影响，过去50年进行的广泛的流行病学研究，以及因果关系的五个标准测试，所有这些共同表明各种非热微波EMF暴露产生不同的神经精神效应。

论文重点： • 微波EMF激活集中在大脑中的电压门控Ca2 +通道（VGCC）。 • 动物研究表明，这种低的MWV EMF在大脑中具有多样的高度影响。 • VGCC活动对人类造成广泛的神经精神影响（遗传研究）。 • 26项研究显示EMF 与神经精神效应相关; 5个标准测试显示因果关系。 • MWV EMF引起至少13种神经精神效应，包括人类抑郁症

英文原文： Abstract: Non-thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. Calcium channel blockers block EMF effects and several types of additional evidence confirm this mechanism. Low intensity microwave EMFs have been proposed to produce neuropsychiatric effects, sometimes called microwave syndrome, and the focus of this review is whether these are indeed well documented and consistent with the known mechanism(s) of action of such EMFs. VGCCs occur in very high densities throughout the nervous system and have near universal roles in release of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine hormones. Soviet and Western literature shows that much of the impact of non-thermal microwave exposures in experimental animals occurs in the brain and peripheral nervous system, such that nervous system histology and function show diverse and substantial changes. These may be generated through roles of VGCC activation, producing excessive neurotransmitter/neuroendocrine release as well as oxidative/nitrosative stress and other responses. Excessive VGCC activity has been shown from genetic polymorphism studies to have roles in producing neuropsychiatric changes in humans. Two U.S. government reports from the 1970s to 1980s provide evidence for many neuropsychiatric effects of non-thermal microwave EMFs, based on occupational exposure studies. 18 more recent epidemiological studies, provide substantial evidence that microwave EMFs from cell/mobile phone base stations, excessive cell/mobile phone usage and from wireless smart meters can each produce similar patterns of neuropsychiatric effects, with several of these studies showing clear dose-response relationships. Lesser evidence from 6 additional studies suggests that short wave, radio station, occupational and digital TV antenna exposures may produce similar neuropsychiatric effects. Among the more commonly reported changes are sleep disturbance/insomnia, headache, depression/depressive symptoms, fatigue/tiredness, dysesthesia, concentration/attention dysfunction, memory changes, dizziness, irritability, loss of appetite/body weight, restlessness/anxiety, nausea, skin burning/tingling/dermographism and EEG changes. In summary, then, the mechanism of action of microwave EMFs, the role of the VGCCs in the brain, the impact of non-thermal EMFs on the brain, extensive epidemiological studies performed over the past 50 years, and five criteria testing for causality, all collectively show that various non-thermalmicrowave EMF exposures produce diverse neuropsychiatric effects. 全文链接

Highlights： • Microwave EMFs activate voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) concentrated in the brain. • Animal studies show such low level MWV EMFs have diverse high impacts in the brain. • VGCC activity causes widespread neuropsychiatric effects in humans (genetic studies). • 26 studies have EMFs assoc. with neuropsychiatric effects; 5 criteria show causality. • MWV EMFs cause at least 13 neuropsychiatric effects including depression in humans.

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