[转]纹章学：符号的象征意义

原贴地址：http://www.unicornblog.cn/user1/unicornblog/2008111712221.html 独角兽资讯 发表于 2008-11-17 12:02:00 作者：不详 各种纹章 Colors and Metals 色彩与金属色 注：一些颜色词汇属于纹章学专用单词而渐旧，原作者也仅将其列出供参考，这里不予多加解释，比如or/yellow/gold，其实表示的只是对同一种颜色的不同称呼而已 Or, yellow or gold - Generosity. 金色、黄色和金黄色－宽容、宽大、丰饶。 Argent, white or silver - Peace and sincerity. 银色、白色或银白色－和平与诚实。 Sable or black - Constancy, sometimes grief. 黑色－坚定、坚贞，有时也暗喻纹章主人的悲伤感情和气质。 Azure or blue - Loyalty and truth. 蓝色－忠诚与真理。 Gules or red - Military fortitude and magnanimity. 红色－军人的坚忍与刚毅，高尚的行为。 Vert or green - Hope, joy and sometimes loyalty in love. 绿色－希望、欢乐，有时也可作忠贞的爱情之解。 Purpure, purple - Royal majesty, sovereignty and justice. 紫色、紫红色－王室尊严、君权、公正。 Tenne or tawney - Worthy ambition. 黄褐色、茶色－可敬的理想与抱负。 Murray or sanguine - Not hasty in battle, and yet a victor. 血红色－象征在战场上向来应对谨慎，却依然总受到胜利之神眷顾的人。 * * * Heraldic Lines 纹章学中的线条 Nebulee or Nebuly - The sea or water. 云雾状波纹－海，或是水。 Engrailed and Invected - Earth or land. 锯齿边缘的波纹－大地、陆地。 Indented - Fire. 锯齿形凹痕－火。 Dancette - Water. 曲折纹路－水。 Ragulee or Raguly - Difficulties which have been encountered. 参差不齐的图沿－征途中的坎坷。 Embattled - Fire or the walls of a fortress or town. 垒墙状线条－火，或是指城塞、村镇的防御工事。 * * * Ordinaries 普通图记 Chief - Dominion and authority. 统领－支配与权力。 Cross - Chevron - Protection. 十字及人形标示－庇护。 Fess - Military belt or girdle of honor. 环-军用腰带或者表示荣誉的环绕 Bar - For "one who sets the bar of conscience,religion and honor against angry passions. 条杠－指这样的一种个体，他能够用自己的良知、信仰、以及对荣耀的向往来平衡自己暴躁易怒的激情。 Pale - Military strength and fortitude. 栅栏状图案－勇士的力量与刚强。 Palet - Same as Pale. 尖板条状图－同上。 Pile - Same as Pale. 桩状物－同上。 Canton- Bearing of honor. When borne charged, it often contains some specialsymbols granted by the sovereign in reward for the performance ofeminent service. 纹章右上角的方形部分－拥有荣誉的标记。如果其中还有寓意物（charges），通常提示了来源于君主，因其杰出的功劳所赐予的恩荣。 Quarter - Bearing of honor. Similar to the Canton. 置于纹章四方位的四分之一盾状标记－对荣耀的接纳，含义相当类似于上者。 Bend - Defense or protection. 弯曲状物－守备、防卫。 Battune Sinister - Marks a royal descent that is barred by illegitimacy from succession to the throne. 被包围的凶物－标志着被他人篡位而失去继承权的王室后裔。 Orle or Tressure - Preservation or protection. 财物、金银－维持者或保护者。 Flasques - Given by a king for virtue and learning, and especially for service in embassage. Flasques－给予具有德行且好学的国王，尤其是那些忠于教会事业的人。 Voiders - Given to gentlewomen who have deserved highly. Voiders－赠与高贵女士。 Bordure or Border - Frequently adopted as a "difference" between relatives bearing the same arms. 图案边界的标志物－一般用以作为一种标示，区别那些大体相近的纹章。 Gyron - Unity. 螺旋－团结。 * * * Common Charges 常用的寓意物 Lion - Deathless courage. 狮子－视死如归的勇气。 Tiger - Great fierceness and valor when enraged to combat; one whose resentment will be dangerous if aroused. 老虎－象征临阵时激发出的无与伦比的英勇和斗志；一种一旦怒火被激起将成为可怕对手的人。 Bear - Ferocity in the protection of kindred. 熊－对家族的绝对拥护。 Wolf- Denotes valiant captains that do in the end gain their attempts afterlong sieges and hard enterprises. One whom it is dangerous to assail orthwart. 狼－象征无畏的军人，在长期艰苦围城之后仍决不屈挠，并以此取得最终胜利的坚毅者，一种不能被阻拦的人。 Rhinoceros - Great ferocity when aroused. 犀牛－凶猛的蛰伏者。 Elephant - Courage and strength. 大象－勇气与体魄。 Heraldic Tiger - Same as Tiger. 铸在纹章上的虎－和普通的老虎含义相同。 Leopard - Valiant and hardy warrior. 豹－英勇与坚韧的武士。 Panther- As a lion may be said to signify a brave man, so may a panther abeautiful woman, which, though fierce, is very tender and loving to heryoung, and will defend it with the hazard of her life. 黑豹－如同一个勇敢的男人会被比喻成狮子一样，一个美丽的女人也会被比喻成豹。尽管会很凶残，却饱含母性的温柔，为了保护自己的子嗣敢于面对各种风险。 Horse - Readiness for all employments for king and country. 马－随时为国王和王族们效忠而候命 Bull or Ox - Valor and magnanimity. 公牛－英勇与宽大的胸襟。 Boar- A fierce combatant when at bay, and ceases fighting only with itslife, and therefore may be properly applied as the armorial bearing ofa warrior. 公猪－公猪在绝境中仍然死战直到生命最后一刻，因此勇士会愿意在盾牌上标此物以作为自己象征。 Goat - Emblem of that martial man who wins a victory by the employment rather of policy than valor. 山羊－象征那些更依赖外交式的雇佣而不是个人英勇来取得胜利的人。 Lamb - Gentleness and patience under suffering. 小羊－困苦中体现出的优雅与耐心。 Ram - Authority. 公羊－权力、权威。 Hares and Rabbits - One who enjoys a peaceable and retired life. 野兔－钟爱深居简出式生活的人。 Squirrel - Sylvan retirement being the delight of its bearer. 松鼠－乐居于森林环抱之中的退役者 Hedgehog - Provident provider. 刺猬－深谋远虑的施与者。 Beaver - Industry and perseverance. 水濑－勤奋与坚持。 Fox - One who will use all that he may posses of sagacity, wit or wisdom in his own defense. 狐狸－能够运用自己全部的精明、机敏和智慧来自卫的人。 Talbot, Mastiff and Greyhound - Courage, vigilancy and loyal fidelity. 塔尔博特犬、马士提夫獒犬、灵（犭是）←这是一个字－勇气、警惕以及对信念的忠诚。 Cat or Cat-A-Mountain - Liberty, vigilance, forecast and courage. 猫－自由、警戒心、预见力、勇气。 Camel - Docility, patience and indefatigable perseverance. 骆驼－驯顺、耐心，和任劳任怨的坚持。 Bee - Well-governed industry. 蜜蜂－良好的组织效率。 Ant - Symbolizes a man of great labor, wisdom and providence. 蚂蚁－象征兼具努力、智慧和远见的人。 Spider - Wisdom, labor and providence in all affairs. 蜘蛛－在任何事中都表现出明智、努力和洞察力。 Grasshopper - Wisdom and nobility. 蚱蜢－才识与高贵。 House Snail - Deliberation and perseverance. 蜗牛－谨慎、坚韧。 DoubleEagle and Eagle - Signifies a man of action, ever more occupied in highand weighty affairs, and one of lofty spirit, ingenious, speedy inapprehension and judicious in matters of ambiguity. 鹰和双鹰－意味这样一种人：身负重大责任，长于实干。面对两难抉择时至少具备视野高远的思维、机智、迅捷的反应，以及决断力之一。 Alerion - Signifies one who having been maimed and lamed in war, was thus prevented from fully asserting his power. Alerion－象征因战争致残的人，他们因为这个而被拒于功名之外。 Wings - Celebrity, sometimes protection or coverture. 翅膀－名望，有时表示保护或掩护。 Feathers (usually ostrich) - Willing obedience and serenity. 羽饰（通常为鸵鸟羽质）－甘愿臣服。 Falcon or Hawk - One eager or hot in the pursuit of an object much desired. 鹰或隼－象征对某种事物有极度追求渴望的人。 Hawks or Falcons Bells - One who feared not to signal his approach in either peace or war. 驯鹰铃－勇于决策选择战争还是和平，有果断心的人。 Owl - One who is vigilant and of acute wit. 猫头鹰－时刻都在机警的戒备下的人。 Peacock - Beauty and pride of carriage. 孔雀－引以为傲的美丽和仪态。 Pelican - Devoted and self-sacrificing charity. 鹈鹕－奉献与自我牺牲的慈善精神。 Stork - Filial duty, emblem of a grateful man. 鹳－子辈的天职，象征受欢迎的人。 Swan - A lover of poetry and harmony. 天鹅－好诗韵的人。 Goose and Duck - A man of many resources. 鹅和鸭－有雄厚财力和丰富手段的人。 Gannet - To subsist by the wings of his virtue and merit, having little land to rest upon. 塘鹅－以自己美德和功绩为翅膀而继续生存的人，漂泊而没有定所。 Swallow - One who is prompt and ready in the dispatch of his business. 燕子－决策果断机敏。 Cock - Courage, always ready for battle, ready to fight to the death. 公鸡－勇气，时刻准备投入战斗并且视死如归。 Dove - Loving constancy and peace. 鸽－对坚贞与和平的爱。 Raven- One who, having derived little from his ancestors, has throughProvidence become the architect of his own fortunes or one of anenduring constancy of nature. 渡鸦－象征不食祖业，以杰出才智缔造自己的命运的强者，或是指对生命本质的追求矢志不移的人。 Crow - Signifies a settled habitation and a quiet life. 乌鸦－象征稳定安宁的生活。 Dolphin - Charity and a kind affection towards children. 海豚－仁慈和对孩童的关怀。 Tortoise - Invulnerability to attack. 乌龟－坚不可摧。 Unicorn - Extreme courage. 独角兽－超凡的勇气。 Griffin- Sets forth the property of a valorous soldier whose magnanimity issuch that he will dare all dangers, and even death itself, rather thanbecome captive. 狮鹫－出征的勇士以其无畏的精神敢于对抗一切危险，宁愿阵亡也决不被生俘。 Dragon - A most valiant defender of treasure. 龙－最强大的宝藏守护者。 Cockatrice - Terror to all beholders. 鸡身蛇尾怪－注视它，你会感到恐怖。 Sphinx - Omniscience and secrecy. 狮身人面怪斯芬克斯－至高的博知，还有秘密。 Pegasus - Exceeding activity and energy of mind whereby one may mount to honour. 天马派格萨斯－不同凡响的活力和精神，以此可以赢得尊敬。 Harpy - Ferocity under provocation. 鸟首女妖－被激怒后会变得凶残。 Mermaid - Eloquence. 美人鱼－擅辩。 Centuar - For those who have been eminent in the field. 半人马－指在平原战场中取得赫赫成就而已经闻名的人。 Hydra - The conquest of a very powerful enemy. 九头蛇－对强敌的征服。 Phoenix - Resurrection. 不死鸟－重生。 Stag, Hart, Buck and Deer - Policy, Peace and Harmony. 雄鹿（包括牡鹿、赤鹿等）－策略、和平、和谐。 Horns and Antlers - Strength and Fortitude. 号角及鹿角－体魄和坚韧。 EscallopShell - One who has made long journeys or voyages to far countries, whohad borne considerable naval command or who had gained great victories. 扇贝壳－曾有过远渡异国他乡经历的人，或是有杰出的海军指挥能力，或是功绩卓越的人。 Other Shells - Protection of Providence. 其他类型的贝壳－受神旨宠佑的。 Heart - Charity, sincerity. 心－仁善、真挚。 Flaming Heart - Ardent affection. 火焰中的心脏－炽热的爱。 Hand - Faith, sincerity and justice. 手掌－信仰、真诚、正义。 Red Hand - Usual mark for a baronet if borne on a small escutcheon. 红色的手－通常来说，如果这种符号安加在一面小型纹章盾上，那么它是准男爵的标记。 Arm - A laborious and industrious person. 手臂－一个艰苦勤奋的人。 Gauntlet - Signify a man armed for the performance of martial enterprise. 金属臂铠－象征一个整装待发的军人。 Leg - Strength, stability and expedition. 腿－力量、恒心和敏捷。 Shoe - Same as Leg. 鞋子－同上。 Foot - Same as leg. 脚－同上。 Human Head - Honor. 人首－荣誉。 Blackamoor Head - Deeds of prowess in the Crusades. 黑人的首级－十字军战士的勇武之见证。 Skulls - Mortality. 头骨－致命的。 Crossed Thigh-bones - Mortality. 被穿透的股骨－致命的。 Eye - Providence in Government. 眼睛－政权意志。 Millstones - The mutual converse of human society. 磨石－社会上人与人之间彼此的交流。 Sceptre - Justice. 权杖－公理、正义。 Trident - Maritime dominion. 三叉戟－海上霸权。 Crown - Royal or seigniorial authority. 王冠－皇室或贵族的威信。 Celestial Crown - Heavenly reward. 带有神圣意味的王冠－神恩。 Pastoral Crosier - The emblem of a shepherd’s watchfulness over his flock, and denotes episcopal jurisdiction and authority. 牧师权杖－统驭无知者的领袖，象征主教的裁判权和威信。 Annulet or Finger Ring - Fidelity. 项链或指环－诚信。 Lozenge - Honesty and constancy, also held to be a token of noble birth. 菱形－诚实和坚定，这也被认为是他作为贵族而与生俱来的天赋。 Billets- Their first bearer was a man who obtained credence, knowledge andfaith in his words and deeds, and who was secret in his affairs. 金属条（职位？）－他们首先要担负的重任是要争取世人的信任，在言行中表现出自己的学识和信仰，同时还要保留自己的隐私。 Pen - Emblematic of the liberal art of writing and of learned employments. 钢笔－学术自由的象征。 Inkhorn - Same as pen. 墨水瓶－同上。 Harp - Contemplation. 竖琴－冥想、默祷。 Lyre - Same as harp. 七弦琴－同上。 Scythe - Hope of a fruitful harvest of things hoped for. 长柄镰刀－对丰收的希望的寄托。 Sickle - Same as Scythe. 镰刀－同上。 Anchor - Succor in extremity and the Christian symbol of hope. 锚－基督徒们的希望，终极的救赎者。 Ship,Lumphiad or Galley - All such symbols would point to some notableexpedition by sea, by which, perhaps, the first bearers had becomefamous. 海船、Lumphiad、帆船－所有这些都意味那些因远洋探险显发的人物，这些先驱者们因此而闻名于世。 Cubes, squares or dice - Constancy, wisdom, verity probity, and equity. 立方体、方形、骰子－坚毅、学问、耿直和公正。 Lozenge - Same as Cubes. 菱形物－同立方体。 Axe -- Execution of military duty. 斧－军务令行。 Purse - A frank and liberal steward of the blessings that God has bestowed. 金袋－上帝的真诚宽大的仆人，被赐予福泽。 Toweror Castle - Grandeur and solidity. Sometimes granted to one who hasheld one for his king, or who has captured one by force or stratagem. 塔楼或城堡－宏伟和稳健。有时被给予以支持国王，或者用武力及策略俘虏过对手的人。 Bridge - Signifies a governor or magistrate. 桥梁－地方总督、地方行政官。 Pillar or Column - Fortitude and constancy. 支柱、圆柱－坚忍、坚定。 Snake - Wisdom. 蛇－知识。 Scaling Ladder - One who was fearless in attacking. 梯子－在进攻中勇往直前的人。 Crosses - Symbolic of some Christian experience or sentiment. 十字架－基督徒的灵性和情感的象征。 Trestles and stools - Hospitality. 支架和凳子－好客。 Cushions - Marks of authority. 垫边－权信的标记。 Angels, Cherubs and Seraphs - Dignity, glory and honor. 天使、小天使、六翼天使－尊严、荣耀和名誉。 Estoiles - Emblems of God’s goodness or of some eminence in the first bearer above the ruder sort of men. Estoiles－上帝的仁爱象征，或是以其高贵出生而那些受粗野下民绝对供奉的人。 Mullet - Denotes some Divine quality bestowed from above. 鲻鱼－喻示这位贵族的身份来自于神圣授予。 Gold Spur - Dignity of knighthood. 金马靴刺－骑士（或爵士）头衔的尊贵象征。 Silver Spur - An esquire. 银马靴刺－骑士的随从、候补骑士。 Sun - Glory and splendor. 太阳－光荣和壮美。 Crescent - Signifies one who has been enlightened and honored by the gracious aspect of his sovereign. 月牙－象征那些受到宽厚优雅的君王的教诲和赐恩的人。 Moon - Serene power over mundane actions. 月亮－一种超越世俗的，纯洁不可动摇的力量。 Fire - Zeal. 火焰－热忱。 Lightning - The effecting of some weighty business with great clarity and force. 闪电－给予繁重的生活以新鲜生气的促动力。 Rocks - Safety, refuge and protection. 岩石－安全、庇佑和防护。 Portcullis - Effectual protection in emergency. 吊闸－在危急时可靠的保护者。 Hunting Horn - One who is fond of high pursuits. 猎角－喜爱激扬的生活的人。 Trumpet - Ready for the fray. 小号、小号音栓－表示已作好对争战的准备。 Cannon, Mortars, Cannon Balls and Grenades - Well bestowed on those who have dared their terrors in sieges and battles. 大炮、臼炮、炮弹和榴弹－对那些克服自己的恐惧投入战斗的人们的馈赠。 Sword - Indicates the bearer to a just and generous pursuit of honor and virtue in warlike deeds. 长剑－象征纹章佩有者以战斗来追求荣誉和德行的高尚途径 Arrows and Arrowheads - Martial readiness. 箭和箭头－战备已就绪。 Spear or Lance - Knightly service and devotion to honor. 长矛与骑士枪－骑士义务与对荣耀的无上追求。 Spear Heads or Pheons - Dexterity and nimbleness of wit to penetrate and understand matters of highest consequence. 枪尖或Phenos（这个词在词典里的解释是“苯、苯基”）－以敏锐思维对事物予以最深刻理解的智慧。 Shield - A defender. 盾－防御者。 Saddles, Stirrups and Spurs - Preparedness for active service. 坐鞍、马蹬和马靴刺－时刻准备活跃的军人。 Horse Shoe - Good luck. 马靴－好运。 Trunk of a Tree - An object of veneration. 树干－可敬的对象。 Fusil - Travel and labour. 燧发枪－旅行和劳动。 Shacklebolt - Victory in war. 鞍褥－在战斗中取胜。 Water Bougets - Conferred on those who had brought water to an army or besieged place. Water Bougets－专用授予那些曾经给受困的军队和城堡运送水的人。 Catharine Wheel - Emblem of one who is prepared to undergo great trials for the Christian faith. （轮圈外沿带有倒钩的）车轮－那些已准备好为对基督的信仰经受艰难试炼的人的象征。 Escarbuncle - Supremacy. Escarbuncle - 至高无上。 Buckles - Victorious fidelity in authority. 带扣－掌权者的胜利。 Clarion or Rest - Same as Trumpet. 号角或支座－同Trumpet。 Beacons or Cressets - One who is watchful for the commonwealth or who gave the signal in time of danger. 灯塔或标灯－为国民时刻保持警惕的象征，或是在危难时刻用以传达紧急情报。 Chains - A reward for acceptable or weighty service. 链条－对受肯定的，或价值重大服务的奖励。 Fusil of Yarn - Negotiation. 棉质火器－和议。 Fret - Persuasion 网纹饰物－说服力。 Gold Roundles - One who has been found worthy of trust and treasure. 金色圆形－被认为值得信赖和珍重的人。 White Roundles - Generosity. 白色圆形－慷慨的。 Wheel - Fortune. 车轮－命运。 Cornucopia - Bounty of Nature’s gifts. （象征丰饶的）羊角雕刻－大自然的赠物。 Chaplets and Wreaths - Granted for special service. 串珠和花冠－对特别贡献的认可。