The Catcher in the Rye

　　Since his debut in 1951 as The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield has been synonymous with "cynical adolescent." Holden narrates the story of a couple of days in his sixteen-year-old life, just after he's been expelled from prep school, in a slang that sounds edgy even today and keeps this novel on banned book lists. It begins, "If you really want to hear about it, the first ... (展开全部) 　　Since his debut in 1951 as The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield has been synonymous with "cynical adolescent." Holden narrates the story of a couple of days in his sixteen-year-old life, just after he's been expelled from prep school, in a slang that sounds edgy even today and keeps this novel on banned book lists. It begins, "If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you'll probably want to know is where I was born and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don't feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth. In the first place, that stuff bores me, and in the second place, my parents would have about two hemorrhages apiece if I told anything pretty personal about them." His constant wry observations about what he encounters, from teachers to phonies (the two of course are not mutually exclusive) capture the essence of the eternal teenage experience of alienation.　　

　　作者塞林格全名杰罗姆・大卫・塞林格，一九一九年生于美国纽约城，父亲是做于酪和火腿进口生意的犹太商人，家境相当富裕。塞林格十五岁的时候，被父母送到宾夕法尼亚州一个军事学校里住读，据说《麦田里的守望者》中关于寄宿学校的描写，很大部分是以那所学校为背景的。一九三六年，塞林格在军事学校毕业，取得了他毕生唯一的一张文凭。
　　从一九四○年在《小说》杂志上发表他的头一个短篇小说起，到一九五一年出版他的长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》止，在十余年中他共发表了二十多个短篇，有些短篇还在《老爷》、《纽约人》等著名刊物上发表，从而使他在文学界有了一点点名气。成名后他隐居到乡下，特地为自己造了一个只有一扇天窗的水泥斗室作书房，每天早晨八点半就带了饭盒入内写作，直到下午五点半才出来，家里任何人都不准进去打扰他；如有要事，只能用电话联系。他写作的过程据说还十分艰苦，从《麦田里的守望者》出版后，他写作的进度越来越慢，十年只出版三个中篇和一个短篇，后来甚至不再发表作品。偶尔有幸见过他的人透露说，他脸上已“显出衰老的痕迹”。他业已完成的作品据说数量也很可观，只是他不肯拿出来发表。不少出版家都在打他的主意，甚至在计划如何等他死后去取得他全部著作的出版权，但至今除本书外，作者只出版过一个短篇集《九故事》（195）和两个中篇集《弗兰尼与卓埃》（1961）及《木匠们，把屋梁升高；西摩；一个介绍》（1963）。

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