时间太长了，不挖个Planck Dive的坑都不好意思了，...
2006-10-30 16:54:06 来自: 天天
| 标题：时间太长了，不挖个Planck Dive的坑都不好意思了，虽然还很不成型 | ||
Gisela was contemplating the advantages of being crushed — almost certainly to death, albeit as slowly as possible — when the messenger appeared in her homescape. She noted its presence but instructed it to wait, a sleek golden courier with winged sandals stretching out a hand impatiently, frozen in mid-stride twenty delta away.
信使出现在她的homescape里时，Gisela正在思考被碾死的好处——基本上是死是死定了，不过过程会很漫长。接着她看到了信使，但命令它等一会。这个信使是个时髦的金黄色人儿，穿着双长着翅膀的凉鞋，它不耐烦地伸出一只手来，在20 delta远处定住了。
The scape was currently an expanse of yellow dunes beneath a pale blue sky, neither too stark nor too distracting. Gisela, reclining on the cool sand, was intent on a giant, scruffy triangle hovering at an incline over the dunes, each edge resembling a loose bundle of straw. The triangle was a collection of Feynman diagrams, showing just a few of the many ways a particle could move between three events in spacetime. A quantum particle（量子粒子） could not be pinned down（约束） to any one path, but it could be treated as a sum of localised components, each following a different trajectory and taking part in a different set of interactions along the way.
这个scape普普通通，是黄色沙丘的延伸而来，衬在淡蓝色天空下，既不显得荒芜也不显得纷杂。Gisela正斜倚在凉爽的沙上，专心研究一个悬停在沙丘斜坡上的巨大而破旧的三角形。这个三角是由一组费曼图组成，它显示了一个粒子在时空中三个事件之间移动时的部分路径。作为一个量子粒子，它的路径不是特定的某一条，而可以看作是许多localised components的总和，每一条componens的路径互相之间还会发生交互作用。
In “empty” spacetime, interactions with virtual particles（虚粒子） caused each component's phase to rotate constantly, like the hand of a clock. But the time measured by any kind of clock travelling between two events in flat spacetime（平直时空） was greatest when the route taken was a straight line — any detours caused time dilation, shortening the trip — and so a plot of phase shift versus detour size also reached its peak for a straight line. Since this peak was smooth and flat, a group of nearly straight paths clustered around it all had similar phase shifts, and these paths allowed many more components to arrive in phase with each other, reinforcing each other, than any equivalent group on the slopes. Three straight lines, glowing red through the centre of each “bundle of straw”, illustrated the result: the classical paths, the paths of highest probability, were straight lines.
在"empty"时空里，与虚粒子的交互作用使得每个component的相位匀速旋转，如同时钟的指针一样。在平直时空内，任意种类的钟在两个事件中移动，只有当它的路径为直线时，测得的时间才是最大的——任意曲线路径都会引起时间膨胀，使测得的时间减少——因此，在一张针对不同弯曲程度的路径的相移图上，当路径为直线时，图形能够达到顶点。这个顶点光滑平坦，一些围绕在它周围的近似直线路径有着相似的周相移动，这些路径使得更多的components彼此达到相同相位，并且彼此增强，因此聚集在这个范围内的路径是最多的。三条直线，在三把“稻草束”各自的中间位置闪着红光，显示着实验结果：所谓的经典路径，也就是概率最大的路径，即直线路径。
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