|
2006-06-26 05:59:05
pz0 (管制越来越多,版面越来越花哨)
差点忘了,说到数学游戏,我倒有一个,一直没想通,原题是这样的:
游戏是这样的,七个人围成一圈玩一个猜帽子的游戏,有七种颜色的帽子,可能每个都是一种颜色,也可能每个人头上的颜色都不同,总之各种组合都有可能,每个人可以看到其他六个人的帽子的颜色,每个人要猜自己头上帽子的颜色,其中有一人猜对的话,大家就都赢了,游戏中七个人不能以任何形式沟通,必须同时猜自己头上帽子的颜色,问有没有办法保证所有人都赢。
The Rainbow Game is played by a team of seven. Each player gets a hat, which can be any one of the seven colors red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The colors of the hats are independent of each other and repetitions are allowed: for instance, it may happen that all the hats are green. Each player can see only the colors of the six hats worn by the rest of the team; no player can see the color of his or her own hat. The players are to guess the colors of their own hats, and if at least one player guesses correctly then the team as a whole wins.
The players may not communicate in any way during the game, and they must all announce their guesses simultaneously. They are, however, allowed to plan out a strategy in advance, and they hope to find a strategy which will guarantee them success for every possible arrangement of hats. Is there such a strategy? Either find one or show that it cannot exist. (As a warm-up, try two players and two colors, or three players and three colors.)
|